This study was aimed to demonstrate the spatial changes of Mosul Lake using change detection Techniques. Water bodies, an integral part of the Earth's hydrological cycle, such as rivers, ponds, lakes, wetlands, and reservoirs, have a major effect on climate change and global warming. one of the most imperative vital activities in Iraq for the administration of its water resources is Mosul Dam Lake. The lake has changed in the water surface due to the severe anthropogenic activities, climate change, the monthly inflows received from the Tigris River, and the controlling of water imports by neighboring countries, and the territorial policy. Remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information Syste

This study was aimed to demonstrate the biosynthesis procedure of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₂O₃ NPs) by using prodigiosin pigment produced from environmental isolate Serratia marcescens as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Additionally, the synthesis conditions were precisely taken into consideration as a pH of 7 and a temperature of 50°C alongside a concentration of prodigiosin of 12 mg/ml with a precursor of ferric sulfate of 5 mg/50ml in deionized distilled water (DDW). Biosynthesized Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles have presented many applications such as catalysis, biosensing, anticancer, and biomedical, etc. The study of optimum condition for the synthesis of Fe₂O₃

A simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method for making green nanoparticles has been developed. The current study examines the use of M. communis leaves extract in the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). The color change and UV-visible spectrophotometer, which showed a distinct peak at 481nm, confirmed the formation of these particles. Different techniques were used to characterize copper nanoparticles. The influential functional groups that can bio-reduce the copper ion Cu²⁺ were identified using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The crystal structure of copper nanoparticles was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), as evidenced by the peaks at 2θ values of 43.35

Determination of soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) in lab is cumbersome, time consuming, and costly. Accordingly, this article attempted to formulate pedotransfer functions for predicting it using some soil physical and chemical properties e.g., sand (SA), silt (SI), clay (CL), organic matter (OM) and calcium carbonate (CC). This research included four steps: preparing soil database; selecting independent variables which are related to CEC value; formulating models using NCSS 12.0.2 software, and the last step is to achieve specific objective of the research which is the comparsion among models by a series of efficiency criteria: root mean square error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (EF), average absolute p

This study was aimed to detect  Entamoeba spp. in domestic dogs by using the microscopic method and PCR. The study includes collection of 100 fecal samples by visiting a small animal private clinics in Baghdad, at the period from January 2019 to February 2020.  The microscopical results showed the rate of infection at Entamoeba spp. was (15%).  Show a higher infection rate in females (15.55%)) than in males (14.54%)without significant difference (P.0>0.05). The Prevalence of Entamoeba related to age was (22%), (6%) in young and adult age respectively. Molecular examination results, the total infection rate of  Entamoeba  in dogs fecal showed 15% . Ten positive PCR pr

A field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research and Experiments (station A), which belong to the college of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/University of Baghdad with a silty loam soil by using Randomized Block Design with three replicates to evaluate the effect of using a combination of bacterial biofertilizer consist of Bacillus megaterium , Bacillus mucilagenosus and Rhizobium phaseoli with two levels of vermicompost (0 and 10 mcgh^-1) on plant growth parameters of Green Beans and its yield and availability of N,P and K in soil under two levels of mineral fertilization (0% and 50%) of fertilizer recommendation in addition to using the full fertil

Horizontal porous pipe method is one of the most efficient systems of irrigation in arid and semi-arid areas.  The main aim of this study is to simulate the subsurface horizontal porous pipe irrigation under different conditions.  By this method of irrigation, an optimum amount of water is reached to the crop.  Moreover, it saves more water than the other irrigation systems.  Simulation models by HYDRUS/2D  are described the distribution of wetting shapes in two different soil textures through the system of United States Department of Agriculture, USDA, namely as loam and silt soils.  The system is designed for three diameters of 6, 7, and 8 cm insta

Collagen hydrolysates were obtained from catfish skin collagen hydrolysis using catfish collagenase, pepsin and trypsin individually and mixed for 15-300min. The degree of hydrolysis , antioxidant activity based on, DPPH radical-scavenging activity (RSA), and reducing power (RP) for all obtained hydro lysates were studied , then the collagenase hydrolysate was (CH)  was selected to be evaluated for  antibacterial activity , functional properties including solubility, emulsification and foaming  properties besides the toxicity  . The highest values for RSA (72.5%) has been noticed when DH reached (24.30%) after 30 min. of hydrolysis by collagenase (CH). The water and oil holding capacities for this hydro l

The study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MRSA in some Iraqi hospitals and determine the most powerful methods for identification of MRSA, in order to achieve the, 278 samples were collected from different hospitals in Iraq in various intervals, 204 out of 287 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus by conventional cultural methods and microscopic characteristics and 177 isolates are identified as MRSA by using HiCrome MeReSa Agar Base medium, but 154 of 177 (87%) isolates are methicillin resistance in sensitivity test. MRSA isolates were highly resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and considered multidrug resistant (MDR) in percent of (94.9%). Touchdown PCR used to identify the isolates,

تنتشر عائلة Myrtaceae على نطاق واسع في آسيا وقد كانت أكبر مجموعة من النباتات ؛ بشكل رئيسي الأشجار والقليل من الشجيرات. موزعة في جميع أنحاء العالم في المناطق الاستوائية وشبه الاستوائية. Syzygium هو أكبر جنس ذو قيمة اقتصادية موجود في جميع أنحاء شبه الجزيرة الماليزية. العلاقات التطورية داخل Syzygium غير واضحة ولا توجد حاليًا معايير موثوقة لتقسيم الجنس إلى كيانات

Factorial experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of two factors, molasses (M) and liquid whey (LW) on fermentation characteristics and nutritive value of date palm leaves (DPL). Fresh DPL was chopped into 1-2 cm and treated with treatment solutions prepared by addition of 5, 7.5 or 10% of M together with 3 levels of LW on basis of nitrogen content equivalent to 0, 1 or 1.5% of urea. Ground wheat straw was added to each sample at rate of 50 g. Materials were packed into double nylon sacs and ensiled for 60 days. Samples of DPL were appeared firmly connected and most of them acquired yellowish to light green color with emission of an apple-date vinegar smell. Results revealed that the

This experiment was conducted to study the influence of cobalt concentrations on the production of seven flavonoid compounds in callus derived from Plantago psyllium L. and Plantago major L. Results showed that the best combination of 2,4-D and  kinetin concentrations add to Muroshige and Skoog medium to obtain the highest fresh weight of 541.0 mg was 3.0 and 1.0 mg.L^-1 respectively. psyllium stimulated callus produced the highest fresh weight of 365.7 mg. The addition of 75 ppm of cobalt resulted in a significantly lower fresh weight of

The current study was aimed to optimize, characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial and antiadhesive activity of biosurfactant(glycolipid) produce from local isolateLactobacillus helvetiusM5. The obtained results indicate that the highest emulsifying activity occurred at pH 7, Lactose (5%) the best production medium, 1% peptone as nitrogen source, maximum growth and production of biosurfactant was observed at C: N ratio (5:1) and after 120 h of incubation. Partial purified biosurfactant was characterized byfourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography mass. FTIR results indicated aliphatic hydrocarbon chains along with

This study was aimed to induce and produce a polyploidy Robinia pseudoacacia seedling by different concentrations of colchicine (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) in various exposure times (12, 24 and 48 h), using in two experiments. In the first, were applied to the seeds by immersing method. In the second, were applied to shoot apical meristems by dropping method. The results showed significant effects of different interactions between colchicine concentration and exposure period on the seed germination, seedling survival rate and seedling characters. By increasing of the colchicine concentration the seed germination and seedling survival rate decreased significantly in colchicine concentrations (0.15 and 0.2%). Freque

This study was aimed to investigate Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that contain an important group of bacterial strains such as fructophilic lactic acid bacteria that usually isolated from fructose rich niches. These groups of bacteria have been considered as probiotics, especially in animal applications. In this study these bacteria were isolated from 6  Plant sources (flowers) such as: Convolvulus arvensis, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis , Nerium oleander, Rosa rugosa, Tagetes erecta and Zinnia elegans. The bacterial isolates were identified by morphological and molecular methods through the detection of 16SrRNA gene. Carbohydrate fermentation profile as well as their antibacterial

An experiment was conducted to evaluate fertility, hatchability, egg weight and egg production traits from three different lines of local quails. A total number of 945 eggs (334, 321 and 290 for desert, brown and white, respectively), from 20 weeks of age were used in the study. White quail significantly (P≤0.05) produce higher egg weight (12.79 ± 0.08 g), chicks' weight (8.89± 0.02 g), percentage of mortality (2.34 ± 0.70 %) and Hen-day egg production (79.33 ± 0.98 %) comparing with other local quails. While local brown quail have significantly (P≤0.05) higher percentages of fertility and hatchability which averaged 79.11 and 86.80%, respectively. The higher total number of egg and low m

This study was aimed to biosynthesized silver nanoparticles by Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria and its antimicrobial activity against (S.aureus ,P. aeruginosa, E.coli, and C. albicans yeast) at different  concentrations (20, 40, 60 ,80 and 100)  μg/ml by agar  well  diffusion  assay. Fifty sample was collected from Wounds and burns, from Baghdad Teaching City Medicine Laboratories. Samples identified by culture, VITEK 2 Compact system ID-YST kit. The sensitivity of bacterial isolates to antibiotics ware tested and the microbes were more  sensitive,  resistant  and  moderate  range to antibiotics. Several techniques where used to characterize AgNPs: X-ra

The objective of this study was to identify the locations sensitivity to land desertification based on the Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use (MEDALUS) approach by the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the south of Maysan governorate at Iraq for mapping environmentally sensitive areas to desertification. Three indicators, which included climate, vegetation, and soil, were employed to estimate the ESAI and then to classify the land in critical, fragile potentially, and non-influenced sensitive areas. The results of the soil quality index (SQI) indicated that 25% of the studied area was classified as moderate quality and 21% was low quality while 54% was very low quality. Vegetation qualities were classified into mode

Field experiment was carried out during the spring and fall seasons of 2019 at the Abu Ghraib Research Station of the Agricultural Research Office/ Ministry of Agriculture, was aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth inhibitors on growth and yield of several sorghum varieties .Randomized Complete Block Design within split plot arrangement with three replications was used. The main plot consists of three growth inhibitors (Cycocel, Ethiphon, and Mebiquat), which were added at stages six and eight leaf stage, in addition to the control treatment (distilled water only), the sub plot was included three culti

The study area was located in the North of Iraq. Five sites were selected that have formed from the limestone parent material. One pedon dug in each site and was divided into a number of horizons. Thirty-five soil samples were collected for physical and chemical analyses. The climate of study sites were similar to the Mediterranean Sea climate which is hot dry in summer and cool humid in winter. The mean of annual precipitation, varies from one site to another. Studied soils classified as Mollisols, Inceptisols, Vertisols, and Aridisols. Study soils were relatively high clay content and its content at the surface horizons is lower than it at subsurface horizons, and soil texture was ranged between clayey to loamy, the high value

Early pregnancy detection is vital for properly managing livestock farms by re-inseminating nonpregnant females and minimizing the calving intervals. The present investigation was executed to compare a rapid test (Dairy Cow Pregnancy Test from Span Biotech Ltd. Shenzhen, China) with a commercial bPAG ELISA test (IDEXX®) for pregnancy diagnosis in non-descriptive cows. The study also aimed to elucidate if the rapid test could be an alternative method to ELISA in the field. Blood and urine samples were collected from 43 cows to measure the concentrations of bovine pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (bPAGs) in the blood samples and detect progesterone via the rapid test in the urine samples. Examining the genital tracts was achieve

This study was aimed to estimate the antioxidants, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of methanolic extract from soybean seeds against pathogenic microorganisms. The methanolic extract was prepared from defatted soybean flour. Total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and the major phenolic, flavonoid, and isoflavone compounds in soybean extract were estimated by HPLC. On the other hand, biological activities such as antioxidants, antibacterial, and antifungal activities were evaluated. The value of phenolic compounds was 8.59 mg GAE/g extract, while the value of flavonoids was 0.82 mg QE/g extract. The chemicals listed below were chromatographed and identified: syringic acid, quercetin, gallic acid, ben

The current research dealt with a comparative taxonomic study of the two types Chenopodium album L. and Chenopodiastrum murale L. at Baghdad , This research was included a cytological study by calculating the chromosome number by sequence n=27,9. and studying the micro-morphological characteristics of the seeds and fruits of the two types, in addition to the surface covering in the leaf part. All phenotypic characteristics of the seeds were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Light microscope (LM) in terms of shape, colour, dimensions Seed size were measured by the program digmizer , as well as the configuration  of the seeds surface , The seeds of Ch.albu

The current study conducted to identify the bacterial isolates from burns and wound infections that are responsible for various skin complication in such conditions and determination the development of antimicrobial resistance among these bacterial isolates. This study is carried out Between September 2020 to December 2020, a total number of (103) burns and wound swabs were taken from different patients from different hospitals in Baghdad city, the specimens were collected from; burns (57) and wound (46) swabs, the specimens were included; (51) female and (52) Male, the age average between (2 - 70 years). The positive bacterial containing specimens are (93) swabs, most of them are mixed (82 specimens) with differ

A field trials was carried out during winter season of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 at Field Crops Department - College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad / Jadriyah to study the effect of organic fertilizers of plant source (compost) on yield and it's components of linseed cultivars. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split plots used with three replicates. The trials included four weed sources organic fertilizer {Malva rotundifolia L., Eichhronia crassipes (Mart) Solms, Glycyrrhiza glabara L. and Silybum marianum L.} and NPK chemical fertilizer (90 Kg N ha^-1, 120 Kg P ha^-1 and 80 Kg K ha^-1

This study was aimed to use the fuzzy logic to employ complex and non-simple models to simple and understandable models that are concerned with no accuracy in the event or the concept itself in the GIS environmental to produce soil degradation maps of the chemical degradation for lands by spatial interpolation method (Inverse Distant Weight). The study area was selected in the province of Babil and within the large Musaaib project. Forty (40) surface samples and 12 profiles were drilled (soil profile). The chemical properties of the soil were then estimated. The results indicated that there were four types of chemical deterioration of the soil, which was characterized by a slight degradation of D1 with an area estimated at 1982.3

This study was aimed to investigate the response of the growth and yield of industrial potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) to the addition of soil improvement and spraying with tocopherol, The field experiments were carried out during the fall season 2020-2021 and the spring 2021 at one of the fields at the area located at 44.23° longitude and 33.32° latitude, The experiments carried out as a factorial experiment within a split plot design, where the irrigation interval factor was set every 4, 8 and 12 days for the fall season and every 4, 7 and 10 days for the spring season (symbolized by I₀, I₁ and I₂) in the main plot, and the interaction factor between Eco Gel soil improver and anti-str

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of drinking ionized water on histological changes, bacteria count, and some hematological parameters of Japanese quail. A total of 200-42-day-old female Japanese quails were divided into five treatments four replicates each treatment (40 birds/replicate). The birds of each treatment were divided into four replicates. The pH level of drinking water of the first treatment was 7, whereas the pH levels of drinking water of other treatments were 8, 9, 6, and 5 respectively. The results showed that villi height, crypt depth, an

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of medical plants (thymus vulgaris, Adiantum capillus-veneris L, Rosemarinus officinalis and their combination) supplemented in the diet on Physiological and Growth performance traits of broiler chicken. T1 Control (no supplemented), T2 Thyme powder 5 g/kg, T3 Thyme powder 10 g/kg, T4 Adiantum powder 3 g/kg, T5 Adiantum powder 5 g/kg, T6 Rosemary powder 5 g/kg, T7 Rosemary powder 10 g/kg and T8 Mixture (Thyme , Adiantum and Rosemary) with 7.5 g/kg +4 g/kg and 7.5 g/kg, respectively. A Total

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnONPs) concentrations and salicylic acid (SA) on growth characteristics and antioxidant defence from Cucurbita pepo L. callus culture in response to drought stress conditions. The study included two levels of drought induced by sorbitol (0 and 20 g l^-1), two concentration of SA (0 and 20 mg l^-1), and four concentrations of ZnONPs (0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm). Drought stress by sorbitol showed negative effects on some characteristics of callus culture fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The exogenous SA showed a positive in most characteristics except for DW