This research aimed to form a molecularly imprinted polymer by adding aluminum ion at the first step were to the allyl bromide monomer resulted was formation using bulk polymerization. To acquire the highest adsorption capacity, molar ratios of template, monomer, and cross-linking agent, as well as solvents and multiple monomers, were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the produced aluminum. the maximum adsorption capacity of Al-IIP were 0.1531 µmol/g and 0.2362 µmol/g respectively. aluminum adsorption followed a Langmuir isotherm model. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) syringe packed with ionic imprinted polymers (IIP) were used to selective separation and preconcentration for alu

By utilizing Ni-NTA affinity chromatography, the expressed recombinant HSP70 protein was purified, and the SDS-PAGE analysis was used to assess its purity. Purified recombinant HSP70 was used to immunize BALB/c mice, and this had a considerable impact on the anti-HSP70 antibody titers. The results of this study show that the adjuvanted hsp70 injected into the mice had a good immunogenic property. In this study, we measured the effects of HSP70 on catalase stability after exposure it to different range of temperature (40, 45, 50, 55, 60) ˚C, and found that the catalase kept its remaining activity% (99% and 17%) when incubating it in 40 and 60ºC respectively in the present of HSP70, compared to its remaining activity % without HS

Barley is the second cereal crop grown after wheat in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Low rainfall and high-temperature impact barley yields. A study investigating an F₃ population of 100 segregated lines derived from a cross between Clipper, an Australian cultivar known for its high yield, and Local black, a cultivar recognized for its stress tolerance. The segregated F₃ lines were assessed under two different environmental conditions at the Grdarash research station in Erbil and the Qlyasan research station in Sulaimani. The field trial data for the F₃ population experienced analysis of variance and normality tests. Direct selection of high-yielding genotypes is challenging due to the complexity o

Since phosphorus (P) is lower in agricultural areas with acid sandy soil, it runs out in different parts of crop plants after harvesting. To boost growth and development in the next cropping system, only overuse of inorganic phosphate fertilizers can adversely affect agricultural sustainability. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi like Candida tropicalis play a role in plant P nutrition through soil P dynamics and growth hormones. Three PSF isolates (Sw01, Pu02, and Pu04) from bulk soil of fresh corn were tested for optimal media and incubation times. The results showed that Sw01 produced the highest population of 593.33×10⁸CFU L⁻¹ when cultured<

This study aimed to estimate variability and some genetic parameters for yield and yield components in pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes under different phosphorous levels. A field experiment was carried out at the field of Horticulture Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Duhok University, on the 1^st of November 2021. the experiment unites layout according to split-plot arrangement, the main plots include phosphorus levels (0, 18, 36, and 54 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅ and the subplot represented the thirteen genotypes within RCBD. The results exhibited that phosphorus levels were highly significant for all traits except biological yield, also the genotyp

This study was aimed to investigate  the micro-morphological characteristics of pollens and seeds for five species of the Brassicaceae family in Iraq belonging to the genus Lepidium, and  species of Lepidium sativum L., L.ruderale L. , L.perfoliatum L., L.aucheri Boiss, and L.latifolium L. The characteristics of the pollen grains included the shape of the grain, the length of the equatorial and polar axis, the distance between the two grooves and the groove  length , as well as the grain surface configuration. The seeds spherical in shape, while the other species were elongated in shape. As for the seeds, they were studied by the Dissect microscope and

This study aimed to investigate the impact of nine treatments on tomato plants and their planting location within a randomized complete block design. The treatments included gene silencing of the PL enzyme (RNAi-SlPL) and application of organic pectin and calcium to extend the marketability of tomato fruits and improve their quality. The RNAi-SlPL treatment outperformed others, revealed the lowest weight loss (41.4%) and highest firmness (4.89 kg·cm⁻²) after 36 days of cold storage, along with strong performance after 21 days at room storage (41.31% weight loss, 4.29 kg·cm⁻²). This was followed by CaP1P2 treatment, with 43.7% weight loss and 4.48 kg·cm⁻² firmness after 24 days of cold storage, and 45.87% weight loss w

Three hundred samples of stools were collected from children who are suffering from diarrhea. Twelve of them (4%) were positive for Aeromonas spp. test, the ability of Aeromonas isolates to produce chitinase enzyme was tested on medium supplemented with colloidal chitin. Chitinase enzyme was extracted, the crude extract activity and specific activity was 13 U/ml and 7.3 U/mg respectively. The enzyme was purified by precipitating with ammonium sulfate 70% saturation followed by ion exchange chromatography using DEAE- cellulose column and gel filtration chromatography using Sephadex G-200 column. The specific activity reached 154.5 U/mg with 21.16 purification fol

Ecosystem fire can variably affect soil nitrogen availability, which is a determinant factor for soil fertility and environmental issues. This research was conducted to study changes in soil nitrogen forms in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) forest ecosystem, located in the south of France bordering Montpellier city, subjected to a prescribed fire of low intensity on 30 March 2011. Soil ammonium (NH₄⁺-N), nitrates (NO₃^--N), and total nitrogen contents were measured

This experiment was carried out in a private palm farm located in Great Musayib enacted / Babylon province on Barhi dates palm trees Phoenix dactylifera L. cultivar to determine the effect of spraying of chitosan and soil additives for both organic fertilizers and amino acids and seaweed extract in some leaves mineral content  (nitrogen,  phosphor, potassium, iron, manganese and zinc)  by spraying the chitosan at concentrations of 5 ml. l^-1  and 10 ml.L ^-1 and the addition of both organic fertilizer and amino acids and seaweed extract at concentrations (1, 2) kg.tree ^-1 and (3 , 6) ml . L ^{- 1} and (4, 8) ml l ^-1 respectively. Each treatment replica

The  objective  of this study was manufacturing and testing  a vibration motorized date palm fronds cutter equipment  used to pruning date palm tree, this equipment is man back handling and easily used for cut date fronts base. Gasoline two stroke engine which handle on worker's  back  was used  to provide  a vibration movement for sharp blade to cut the fronds,  machine   consists of many parts includes engine, flexible shaft, fixed shaft, gear case and knife. Three knives cutting angle were used in this research. Frond cutting time ,one palm tree pruning (three rows of fronds)  vibration of cutting level ,noising level and productivity were measured in this study 

A field study was performed in the Agricultural Machines and Equipment Department, Agriculture College, Basrah University, to study the effect of the operating pressure and nozzle height on droplet properties reaching to the target using knapsack sprayer with a maximum capacity of 16l. A nozzle is mounted on the rod of sprayer. Three different operating pressures were tested in this study of 1, 1.7, 2 bar and three different nozzle heights of 50, 70, 90cm. Brilliant Sulpho-Flavinedye was used to measure mean droplet sizes, droplet densities, droplets number, and relative span factor deposited on white card papers. The spray properties were determined after spraying in field and then were analyzed using Image J software. The main

The solar dryer is designed and manufactured to dry some medical plants at the  Research Center for Energy and Environment of the Ministry of Industry and Minerals. this experiment was included two factors, where three levels speeds for the fan were selected (0.101, 0.065, 0.056 m3/s)  which represented the main factor  and  three kind of medical plants ,( mint, pepper and ginger).factorial experiment within  Complete Randomized Design with three replications  was used to study the effect of the dried substance type ,air flow rate and their overlap with  studied parameters. The results indicated that when the air flow rate increased, daily theoretical efficiency increased by 6.74%. and the theoretical a

This study was carried out at the experimental farm College of Agriculture; Abu-Ghraib, Baghdad, Iraq during from end of march 2014 to mid of August 2015. The main objective was to find out the effect of zinc concentration (0, 30, 60 and 90) mg.L^-1 on seed yield and its components of four alfalfa varieties (Local, Hamaddan, Vernal and Lodi). Layout of the experiment was R.C.B.D arranged within split –plots with three replications. Zinc concentration were used as main plot, while varieties were used as sub-plot. Results, showed that foliar application of zinc at concentration more than 30 mg.L^-1 (60 and 90 mg.L^-1) resulted in a significant increment in the No. of ovules floret^-1, No. o

The objective of this study was to know the effect of screening for the No. of fertile tillers m^-2 is effective on yield in next generations. The research was conducted at field of College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad during two winter seasons, 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. Fifteen entries of wheat were introduced from CIMMYT with local variety (Abugraib3) were screened under three phosphorous rates (0, 75 and 150 kg ha^-1). Superior entries in No. of fertile tillers m^-2 were selected in addition to entries that gave the lowest means in this trait. In both experiments, randomized complete block design (RCBD) in split plots arrangement with three replicates was used where phosphate rates in 1

A field experiments were carried out at the Abu- Graib Research Station - Office of Agricultural Research  Ministry of Agriculture , to investigate effect of moisture deletion for some traits of selected wheat genotypes , during 2014-2015, which depend to the long term of breeding program (2008-2014) . The 9^th selected genotypes and the control variety IPA 99 were evaluated using split plot arrangement within RCBD and three replications. The main plots included four moisture depletion (20%, 40%, 60% and 80%) of available water while, genotypes occupied sub plots .The results revealed significant differences among depletion, genotypes and their interaction of all studied traits. Moisture depletion 20% , showed the

The aim of this study is detection of salt tolerant gene (TaST) selected wheat genotypes for salt tolerance  (1H, 2H , 3H) through plant breeding program as compared with local cultivars (sensitive)  under salinity condition. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (q-RT-PCR) was used to detect TaST salt tolerant gene in these selected genotypes. Also chlorophyll and organic compounds contents were estimated in the upper leaves of the selected genotypes and local cultivars. Results of the PCR showed that the gene band of TaST appeared only in the selected genotypes with length 175bp at both salinity conditions, while this band absent in the local cultivars, (sensitive) (Iraq and latefyi), also

Aim of  this studty  to identify the risk  of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-10 promoter variants -1082A/G  associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and tubal factor infertility.  Out of 100  women were attending different hospitals in Baghdad  included the Gynaecology Departments of Women Health Center at Al-Elwyia Obstetrics Hospital, Ibn Al balady Maternity and Children's Hospital , Kamal al-Samarrai hospital Fertility Center infertility treatment and In Vitro Fertilization ( IVF )  (20 control and 80 women with infertility) with an age range of 16-40 years

This study was carried out to assess impacts of industrial activities on environmental quality in Bazian cement factory, Sulaimani. Environmental impact of factory was carried out from September 2015 to August 2016  at studied area located at north west of city with coordinates of 35º36'242"- 045º04'470".Pollutant particles can have as consequence reduction of biodiversity and quality of water, soil and whole ecosystems. Especially, cement dust can be emitted at every stage of cement production which affects on photosynthetic process, leaf stomata, discoloration, enzymatic malfunction, growth reduction and productivity of plants. In this study, water, soil, air and three plants (Platycladus orientalis<

The research aimed at estimating the production function and the total cost function, as well as calculating the efficiency of resource use, technical, economic, price and cost efficiency. The research was based primarily on a simple random sample of 115 farmers in Baghdad governorate for the spring season 2016.The finding of the study reveal that the optimal size of production and the size of production that maximize profit reached about 98.6512, 112.8316 tons respectively. Technical, economic and price efficiencies were estimated at (61.8588, 61.8585, 90.479)% consequently, while cost efficiency was estimated at 0.66720, and the net farm income that achieved over all the sample less about 3726.9726 thousand din

Since the establishment of the global monetary system, economic relations have been intertwined as well as the high rates of trade and the multiplicity of currencies traded as the economies of the world are linked to each other in such a way that monetary policies applied in certain countries affect the economic policies of other countries. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of foreign agricultural trade and some macroeconomic variables on the behavior of exchange rate whose effect is reflected on the structure of foreign agricultural trade. To fulfill paper requirement data were collected from secondary sources and one source was depended in collecting data which is ministry of planning – central statisti

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of explant and poly ethylene glycol (PEG) on the production  of monoterpeniods compounds in the callus of Nigella sativa. The explant type had a significant effect on callus induction from the hypocotyl giving a significant increase on fresh and dry weight of 282.8 and 25.25 mg. respectively. as well, as the production of the borneol compound at 26.70 µg.100mg^-1 dry weight.The callus inducted from the cotyledon has a significant increase of the thujone, α-pinene, camphene and carvacrol c

This research was carried out on 51 local raised in three local cow herds in Erbil plain, for the period from 2016 to 2017.  To estimate the most probable producing ability (MPPA) of cows and to study the effect of non-genetic factors affecting on daily milk production (DMP) and to estimate the repeatability for (DMP). The most probable producing ability (MPPA) of local cows was calculated by using the test day records and then the animals were ranked based on their MPPA values. Cow number 1237 inquired the highest value of MPPA (16.91 kg) for DMP among all tested cows in the three flocks. The overall mean for the (DMP) was 11.85 kg. The results of current study revealed tha

This study was conducted to detect the contamination in the local and imported table eggs, and the comparison between them of contamination.  Samples were collected from local markets   taking 60 samples of both types (30 local eggs and 30 imported eggs) these samples were sent to a laboratory of microbiology / College of Veterinary Medicine / University of Baghdad .then taking swabs from the   different of eggs shells samples for both types (local and imported eggs) then bot swabs in nutrient broth to be grown bacteria in the nutrient broth). (After that samples were taken from the nutrient broth) and then cultured in the (nutrient agar, macconky agar). The results showed the presence of

This experiment was carried out during two seasons; the first season 2016 included the planting of cucumber seeds from different global origins, which symbolized P1 and P2-P10 in a plastic house with (506 m²) area, at Yusufiya – Baghdad to produce hybrids. During Spring season 2017 the genotypes seeds  were planted (10 parents and 27 single cross hybrids with codes F1 and F2-F27 and three common commercial control hybrids with codes C1, C2 and C3) according RCBD design with three replicates, The genotype P5 was superior in the branches number per plant (9.67) and  number of leaves per plant (220.33) as well as in total yield of experimental unit 18.03 kg, The hybrid F17 (P5×P9) took lowest number of days n

A  field experiment was conducted using split – split block design to study the effect of irrigation water quality ,organic composts ,kinetin and Bio- health application on N.P.K contents and anti-oxidant enzymes activity  in lettuce, The experiment included three factors ,quality of irrigation water (W) at two levels (1.2, 6.1 dS m-1 ), kind of organic composts Plam fronds and Rice wastes(20)  ton /hectare , kinetin application (50 mg.L-1)  and bio-health fertilizers (5 kg/ hectare). The results indicated that elevation of water salinity levels led to elevation in activity of  Peroxidase POX , Catalase CAT, Malondialdehyde MDA, Superoxide dismutase SOD enzymes and prol

Solid waste of heavy water treatment stations is used in agriculture as a fertilizer. This practice may transfer polluted chemicals to human food chain. In this research study, nine heavy metals ( Pb, Co, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Cd, As and Sb ) were studied in solid waste from main waste water treatment station in Baghdad/Alrusafa city by using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) technique. Eight samples were chosen carefully during the period of  October 2016 to June 2017. The presented data showed that five of the studied metals have higher concentration as compared to others. The highly concentrated metals were [Pb (282.95), Zn (274.73), Cu (170.67), Ni (91.41), Co (29.45)], the concentration was measured in mg/kg. While [Cd (3.

The objective of this study to calculate means of oocysts in feces natural infected sheep. A total of 150 sheep fecal samples collected from different regions of Baghdad province(AL-Sholla , AL-Horia, AL-Taji, and Abo-Grab)-Iraq, during the period from the beginning of January to the end ofMay 2016. Three laboratory methods(modified acid fast stain, sheather᾿s sugar solutionand calculation of oocysts in feces of infected animals by haemocytometer) were used for diagnosis of Cryptosporidial oocysts and study the shedding rate of oocysts from infected male and female(pregnant and non pregnant)animals. The total infection rate was 44.66%(67/150), and the highest i

The objective of this research was to study the chemical composition and functional properties of flour and protein isolate from mung bean by isoelectric precipitation. Moisture, protein, fat, ash, crude fiber and carbohydrate were 5.88%,  24.52%, 1.24%, 3.33%, 5.22% and 59.81%  for flour and 2.48%, 83.70%, 0.24%, 2.48%, 0.52% and 10.58%  for  isolated protein  respectively. The results of functional properties revealed an increase in solubility rates by increasing the pH values of both flour and isolated protein, the mung bean flour showed higher solubility than protein isolate. The foam capacity of flour was higher than that of protein isolate, however foam stability for protein isolate reached 23.53%,&

The aim of this research is studying the affecting factors in net farm income via using panel data models .To achieving requirements of the study we collected the data randomly from 41 farmers in al-maden district – province of Baghdad.To all production activities in farm in 2015 and 2016. We used eviews 6 program and GLS method, we used OLS to estimate three models were net agricultural income was dependent variable and each of the area, costs, value of animal production and value of assets were independent variables, according to LM test and hausman test, the random effects model was the best of the estimating models which confirm that increasing the assets, area and cost by 1% will increase net agricultural income by (0.049,