The objective of this study was to investiget the effect of different kinds of egg yolk (hen, quail, turkey, and duck) on the awassi ram semen quality after cryopreservation. The semen was collected by using artificial vagina from four awassi rams and then evaluated , after pooling the semen samples and dilution with tris which contain egg yolk  made from poultry birds (10%) and glycerol (5%).The samples were kept in 4C for two hours and then exposed to liquid nitrogen vapor for (10min) and suck in liquid nitrogen, one month later, the samples were thawed at 37C for(5min).the sperm motility, membrane integrity, the percentage of dead and abnormal sperm and DNA fragmentation determination were evaluated. The results showed th

The objective concerning this study was to decide aggregation flavonoid content (TFC) primarily based of flavonoid-aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometric method and determination of against bacterial action in Viola odorata (natural plant) utilizing reaction surface philosophy. Homegrown prescription or restorative plants have prompted the disclosure of various new medications, then non-tranquilize substances. Among it flora are kinds of the range group Viola has a region including family violaceae then accommodates round 19 species of comparable sort. Viola odorata (Banafsha) has considerable cell antioxidant properties. The among vitro reco

This Research was performed to evaluate the efficiency of Biofilm Biofertilizer produced from local isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizobium leguminosarum, with two addition technique include with bentonite as carrier and with liquid inoculant(without carrier) and three levels of chemical fertilizers (zero,25,50)% of recommendation on some growth and yield traits of wheat variety Rashid Biofilm Biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer affect significantly on all growth characters of wheat plant, Bentonite gave the best result compare with liquid inoculant, use of Biofilm Biofertilizer with 50% of the chemical fertilizer recommendation gave highest growth and yield of wheat .The duple Biofilm Biofertilizer of P. fl

The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of replacing part of mineral fertilizers, by organic or bio fertilizers and effect of these fertilizers on grain yield and its components of maize (Zea mays L.). Field experiment was conducted at Abu Ghraib Research Station (Baghdad) during spring and fall seasons of 2016 using a randomized complete block design arranged in split plot with three replications .Three synthetic varieties of maize (Fajr 1 ,  Baghdad 3 and Sumer) in the main plots  and nine  fertilizer treatments which were : 100% NPK  as recommended, NPK  +  sulfur, NPK + organic fertilizer, NPK + Bio fertilizer, NPK + Humic acid,50% NPK  + sulfur,50% NPK + orga

In order to evaluate soybeans genotypes in two locations, five selected in sixth generation of selection were used with nursery in Baghdad, using RCBD with three replication. The results raveled superiority of selected promising genotypes in growth duration, flowers, plant height and number of branches, and yield component, as a number of plant bodes, 100 seed weight and number of seeds in bodes, especially genotype C, which produced seeds yield  (2758 kg h^-1). Genotypes D was the best in oil content (23.05%), while  B genotype was highest in protein content (43.9%) compare with local variety, which gave lower values for all growth traits, when grown in different environments.

A Field experiment was carried out in the winter season 2015- 2016 in county Rasheed south of Baghdad, In order to Increasing the efficiency of water use of wheat plant by anti-transpiration manufactured compared with commercial anti-transpiration. Gelatin with two concentration 0.5 and 1.5% and pure gelatin with 1.5%, in the growth and yield of wheat Triticum aestivum L. Then Compared to Commercial anti- transpiration armourax, with water stress levels which is used three levels of water depletion: 40, 60 and 80 of available water. The experiment was designed by using RCBD, with the split plot design with three replications. The results

The experiments were conducted at the plant tissue culture lab of the College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad to study the role of some culture medium components on the in vitro production of two cultivars of potato. Explants (tuber sprouts) excised from two cultivars of potato, Burren and Riviera, were surface sterilized with sodium hypochlorite at 1.5% and cultured on basal MS medium to obtain shoots. The obtained shoots were cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA and GA₃ at 0.5 and 0.4 mg.L^-1, respectively for shoot multiplication. Shoots were divided into 2-3 nodal segments and cultured on MS medium to promote microtubers  formation, Shoot segments were cultured on MS medium suppl

Four sweet corn varieties (Zea mays ssp. Saccharata), Gold Rush (v₁) and Chocolate (v₂), originated from Japan and 001(v₃), and 003 (V₄) are France originated, were cultivated under the effect of three different levels of nitrogen fertilization (120, 170and 230 ) kg ha^-1as (N1, N2, and N3) in two different locations in Sulaimani region (Bakrajo and Kanipanka), Iraqi Kurdistan Region in order to investigate the effects of some environmental and climatic factors on growth performance and yield quality of sweet corn varieties in the open field. By using a factorial experiment within RCBD with three replications, the results revealed that indicated to significant differe

This study aimed to recognize the histological structure of retina in the eye of two Iraqi vertebrates, the difference of the class, the environment and the nature of nutrition; Magpie Pica pica, and Brown Rat Rattus norvegicus. The results showed that, the retina of the Magpie is avascular, while retina in Brown Rat is vascular , in both species the retina consists of two main layers: Pigmented epithelium and Neural layer  which composed of nine layers are : Visual cells layer, Outer limiting membrane, External nuclear layer, External plexiform layer, Internal nuclear layer, Internal plexiform layer, Ganglion cell layer, Optic nerve fiber

This study delts with anatomical characters for the vegetative parts of two species of the family Amaranthaceae in Iraq, Amaranthus albus L. and A.gracilis Defs, as it presents results and characters had been study for the first time in Iraq .The study included epidermis and stomatal complex, the results show that the first species have Anomocytic and Anisocytic type While the other species have Anomocytic and Tetracytic type of stomatal complex,Venation of leaves had been studied also, study included the longitudinal sections of leaves and vertical sections for stems, petioles and roots. Longitudinal sections leaf of Amaranthus gracilis recognized by presence of sandy crystals, Cross sections of petiol

The study was conducted by D.V.P.R at the University of Brothers Mentouri Constantine 1 (Algeria). This anatomical study was conducted to follow-up the formation of wheat Triticum durum Desf. tillers Using tissue sections the manual way in the seed (during germination) and the shoot ( first leaf stage F 1, the second leaf F2, the third leaf F3) and coloring them with the (carmine-green iodine) and then observed with the optical microscope Leica. The results revealed that the shoot apical meristem SAM and the root apical meristem RAM are two of the key parameters that provide embryonic growth cells.  It also does not show this stage

This study was conducted at the poultry farm Animal Production Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Abu Ghraib, for the period from 19/9/2016 to 30/10 / 2016. (42 days) The object of this study was effect of adding different levels of tamarind pulp (0, 5, 15, 25 g / L ) to the drinking water on productive traits of broiler chicken. A total of 120 unsexed Ross 308, one day old, an initial weight 41.5 g was used in the experiment. Chicks were fed on starter diet for the  first three weeks of age and finisher diet for the 4,5 and 6 weeks of age. Birds were distributed to four treatments, The first T₀ control (without any addition), The second T₅, third T₁₅ and fourth T

The current study was conducted to test Shabout’s (Arabibarbus grypus) sperms ability for long-term cryopreservation under liquid nitrogen (-196ºC) using two different extenders and two different cryoprotectants to compare and chose the best. The semen of mature fishes collected from Al-Radwania man-made lakes during 2015 spring spawning season were used in this study. The semen was collected by manual abdominal stripping without using any hormones or anesthetizes and its sperms were tested for surviving and activity throw cryopreserving process in liquid Nitrogen using two different extenders (Zhang & Liu vs.  Calcium-free Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution) with methanol in 10% as cryoprotectant for the first

This study was conducted  at the Ruminants Researches Station (25 km west of Baghdad) as well as the Directorate for Agricultural Researches / Ministry of Agriculture, as from the  Reproductive laboratory at the College of Agriculture/University of  Baghdad  from 01/03/2015 to 15 / 09/2015 on sample  94 awassi dams . In order to study effect infection on production traits to growth traits , The percentage of healthy dams was 70.21%, while the proportion of ewes was 29.79% and the differences between the two were highly significant (P <0.01) The results of the current study showed that the percentage distribution of the difference between the parasite type of the sheep infected with the

In current study use local ligninolytic crude extract enzyme (HAMU 8%) to improve IVDMD and reducing lignin content. The result suggest that treated wheat straw (WS), Corncobs (Cc), alfalfa hay (AH), by HAMU increased significantly (p <0.05) in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and reduction in lignin content, However, extra enzyme improvement is shown with Corncobs treated with HAMU (average improvement, 19.84%) and lower improvement was shown in alfalfa hay treated with HAMU (average improvement, 10.07%). The higher reduction (P<0.01) in l

A field experiment was carried out at the College of Agriculture, Duhok University to study the effect of phosphorous levels (25, 30, and 35) kg P ha^-1 in addition to control treatment and five wheat varieties (SDRAA-1, Sham-4, Maxipak, Abugraib-3, and JAWA-13) on yield and yield components of cultivated studied wheat varieties in calcareous soil during winter season (2014- 2015). The experiment units were laid out in the factorial arrangement using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results revealed that wheat varieties were significantly affected on plant height, protein percent, leaf area, date of flowering, grain weight spik^-1, No. of grain spike^-1, 1000- grain

A field experiments were carried out at Abu- Graib Research Station- Agricultural Research Office- Ministry of Agriculture during 2014- 2015 season to investigate the performance of 225 pure lines of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), which at sixth generation after crossing among local and exotic genotypes (during 2008 to 2014) with their parents. The experiment was conducted using Simple Lattice Design with three replications. The results were revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all studied traits. The genotypes 39 and 192 had higher number of days to 50% flowering (140 days), the longest period of physiological maturity 159 days of genotype 49. The highest means of flag leaf area (80.

This study was conducted to find out the effect of using treated water with potassium permanganate and chlorine on some hygienic traits of local female rabbits. This experiment was carried out in Farm Animal of veterinary College – Baghdad university lasted from 7^th January up to 6^th April 2016. Twenty eight local female rabbits at age of approximately 2.5-3 months and divided randomly and equally (7 each) into four groups 'body weight was considered" as the following: First group (boiling water group) considered as a (Negative control), second (Tap water group) as a positive control, Third(KMnO4 0.5 ppm), fourth (KMnO4) 1ppm) group. All groups were daily fed on concentrate diet (75 gm/head), all groups we

Common sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is a medicinal plant well known for its pharmacological properties. The current study was tested by the MTT assays to determine the inhibitory of free radical scavenging capacity of natural compounds In vivo, and stimulation of production because its important products in pharmaceutical industry by using different concentrations of methyl jasmonate in callus of  inducted from hypocotyl and cotyledon, with different the solvent of extract. The extraction was carried out at the department of Medical Research- Ministry of Sciences and Technology. The results showed that the explant,

Paddy is one of the most important nutritional crops. In Iraq, it ranks third after wheat and barley, and first as a summer crop regarding the cultivated area and production. This study aimed to analyze the dynamic nature of supply response of paddy and competitive crops (maize and vegetables) in Euphrates basin to the change in price and to the availability of resources (irrigation water) for the period 1980-2015 using seemingly unrelated regression equation (SUR). To accomplish this aim, main factors affecting paddy supply response were determined. These included paddy price, competitive crops price, production risk, irrigation water and dummy variable to find out the impact of

The universities on-campus external spaces represent the urban ecological view, which should be characterized by some environmental parameters that achieve comfort and self-vitality and promote social interactions among university personals. The University of Baghdad, aljadriah campus, was selected as an urban ecosystem for further practical study. Data were collected according to a field survey for selected outer spaces in addition to visual and locational observations. Forms of the questionnaire were randomly distributed among university’s students, data were collected in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS), and means were compared according to the least significant differences (LSD) test.

This research was conducted to study the exploitation of speed and working width for different tractors with best performance rate and lower costs, and study of the efficiency and amount disbursed energy. The research was conducted in the Dibs region in Kirkuk governorate in September 2015, in two different locations of the soil texture, Randomized complete block design by split split plot system with three replications and Duncan test were used to compare the means of treatment at 5%. The results showed the best quadrate interaction  which achieved the best technical results, economically and indicators of the power indicators in speed (6.24Km / h) and working width (120cm) with three tract

This study aims to investigate  the effect of the fortification of soft white Iraqi cheese with some zinc salts at different levels include 100 and 200 mg.kgˉ¹ from zinc sulphate and zinc acetate, on Nitrogen materials and some rheological properties of the soft white cheese during the storage for 14 days. The results indicated that there was no significant effects for cheese fortification with  zinc salts on the percentage of Nitrogen materials during all storage periods. There was non-significant increase the nitrogen materials in the cheese of the control treatment in comparison to the zinc fortified treatments.  The results indicate a significant decrease in the values of cheese brightness of the fortified tr

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some biological agents like commertial product Richarge which contained basically from Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisoplae in addition to fungal isolate of Lecanilicium lecanii and Metarizhium spp. and insecticide Telstar at field experiment. The infestation percentage on cucumber fruits was very high 100% in all treatment at the beginning of fruit formation during 1^st week of October 2015, meanwhile its reached the lowest level on third week of October were 18.67% in Recharge, 28% in Meta 10⁷ and 37.33% in the control. The results showed that the number of infested fruits was reduced in next ha

Three different calcareous rocks consist mainly of calcite C, dolomite D and its combination C,D were chosen. Rocks Samples Were treated with different concentration of salt Soluations, included CaCl₂ (0.2,0.05 molar) (applied to dolomite samples), MgCl₂ (applied to calcite samples), and combination of these two salts which applied for both (D-Dolomite and C-Calcite). Other samples from carbonate minerals were treated and incubated with FeSO₄.7H₂O and Fe-EDDHA at 20Mg^-1 mineral. These treated samples subjected to sequence of wetting and drying for 120 days under saturated CO₂ atmosphere. At the end of incubation period these samples were air dried and used

A field experiment was carried out in the spring season of 2016 in sedimentary soil (silty clay loam) in order to study the effect of adding different types of nitrogen fertilizer (urea, di- ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate) at level 200 kgN ha^-1. Zinc fertilizer has been sprayed with concentrations (0, 20, 40 and 60) mg ZNL^-1 on growth and yield of snake cucumber. The results showed a significant increase in ammonium sulphate fertilizer in plant length, dry weight, leaf area, early yield, plant yield and total yield. The results showed that the concentration of 60 mg  L^-1 was significantly higher in plant length, dry weight, early yield, plant yield and total yield.&

Two   pots   experiments were  conducted  one of  silty  clay  loam texture  and the other in  loamy  sand  texture   by planting barley crop variety “Samir” to evaluate extraction efficiency of  seven  chemical   extractants via the   correlation with  the   potassium taken up by barley crop. Four  of these extractants were: BaCl₂, CaCl₂, MgCl₂ and NaC l; the remaining three were: CH₃COONH₄,  NH₄HCO₃,  NH₄HCO₃ + DTPA. The study  was  performed by  the application of four  lev

To study the effect of mineral fertilizers (NPK), Organic  and Bio-fertilizers on grain yield of bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.). A field experiment was conducted during 2014-2015, 2015-2016 at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad ,Iraq. A split plot arrangement within RCBD, using four replications for two varieties at the main plots  and 14 fertilizer treatments at the sub plots:T₀ (control) ,T₁ (mineral fertilizer as recommended), T₂ (bio-fertilizer), T₃ (organic fertilizer), T₄ (bio+ organic fertilizers), T₅(mineral fertilizer +bio- fertilizer), T₆(50% mineral fertilizer + b

The cultivars planted are considered one of the important factors affecting the wheat production which work on increasing the productivity of the area unit. Therefore, the research aimed to measure the production efficiency of the exported Turkish wheat cultivar (ADNA 99) in comparing with Iraqi cultivar (IPa 99) for 2014-2015 seasons (Wasit governorate as a case study), based on the field data of a random sample from 84 farms in Wasit. The results showed the effect of the cultivar on the productivity and the inputs used via using the analysis of variance, it showed there is no significant differences between the two cultivars, in addition we have estimated the technical efficiency and the resour

The wheat crop is a strategic crop associated with food security. In order to increase the quantity of wheat production to meet the needs of the country, it is necessary to know how to increase the productivity of the unit of area of the crop to reduce the importations. Wheat is implanted in Iraq in large areas, especially in the northern governorates. The quantity of production and productivity for that crop is still limited, Compared to other countries in the neighboring countries and other countries of the world, and often fill the deficit through the import since wheat is implanted in most of the world countries , the average productivity of the wheat crop in Iraq for the period (1970 - 2014) amounted to (258