Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is recognized as a healthy food in many countries because it is nutrient-rich crop. The objectives of this study was to investigate  the succesful farming for buckwheat plants in the Iraqi environmental conditions, extraction and estimation of the most important nutritional and medicinal compounds from seeds plant and it᾽s effectiveness in the inhibition of lipids peroxidation which considered to be the causative agent of the free radicals formation in vivo.The hexane and methanolic extraction gave many compounds from buckwheat seeds. NMR were used to determine many of the natural compounds for buckwheat plants seeds after ma

A field trial was conducted at Abu-Ghraib Research Station-Agricultural Research Directorate-Ministry of Agriculture during the winter seasons of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014. The objective was to investigate the effect of source-sink Regulation on grain yield  and its companents of five bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.( Randomized complete block design with the arrangement of split-plots with three replicates was used. Bread wheat cultivars (Bohooth-22, IPA 99, Abu-Ghraib-3,Al-Fath and Al-Rasheed) occupied the main plots while treatments of source-sink relationship modification occupied the sub-plots. They included eight treatments: Control (Con.), S1 (remova

The relation between communication activities of extension agents and the applications of wheat growers to the wheat agricultural recommendations in Kirkuk, The main goal of this study was to determine it communications activities of extension agents correlated with the applications of wheat growers to wheat agricultural recommendations in the province of Kirkuk, Questionnaire was designed with to parts to achieve this study, The first part had (24) items related to communication activities (divided to four groups) and the second parts had eight item related to wheat agricultural recommendations stratified sample was used to drown the sample for 17 agriculture divisions in Kirkuk, The final sample had 150 growers from there divis

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of replacement of low density Lipoproteins (LDL) in different concentrations  ,exctracted fram egg yolk in the Tris diluents of the Holestion Freizan bulls semen after cooling and different cryopreservation periods . This study was done during the period From September/2014 to March/2015 and a two parts periods . First from September to November /2014 to done the extraction of the low density Lipoprotein which it have be succifully  done at the viruses Laportary  which belonge to the diagnosis department /state Board of the plant protection /Ministry of Agriclturd (Abu_Gruiab/west of Baghdad).The LDL extraction was done by a procedure with different steps from fre

The study was conducted for a period 120 days of metal floating cages were used 2.25 × 2.25 × 1.5 m dimensions, for breeding two types of carp fish and common carp Cyprinus carpio.L and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix rate of 240 fish (120 common carp +120 Silver carp) for each treatment in three replications, and made laboratory four diets with obrocana content of between 27.83% and 28.52% and energy between 439.39 and 445.68 Kilusarh/100 g as it was the bush first free any addition treatment called the second control and treatment contained vitamin E (500 mg/kg) and third-treatment contained linseed oil by 1% and the treatment represented a fourth of all oil and vitamin mentioned the same proportions

This study was included investigation of the resistance genes Mi which is responsible for the appearance of resistance feature in tomato against root knots Nematode Meloidogyne spp in 46 pure lines of tomato indeterminate growth, ten of tomato pure lines showed resistance to root knots nematode infection after 60 days of the inoculation by 5000 egg/ kg of soil . While 31 pure lines of tomato showed sensitivity for these nematode infection, which root knot  numbers had exceeded 100 knots. Then the genes has diagnosed by using the technology of molecular analysis the DNA of the purelines of sensitive and resistance tomato was isolated by the CTAB method then apply the indicators of Si

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of silver zeolite (SZ) on hematological parameters and survival rate in common carp, Cyprinus carpio infected with Saprolegnia spp. A total of 120 fish (weight 100 g) were divided into six treated groups in duplicate (10 fish/tank) as follows: T1, T2, T3 and T4 that infected with Saprolegnia spp. (2×10⁴ zoospore/ml) and treated with SZ at (100,200 and 300 mg/l) while T4 infected with Saprolegnia spp. and treated with copper sulfate )5g/100 L(; C+ group, fish were infected with Saprolegnia without treatment and C- served as control negative group. Following 14 days from infection with Saprolegnia s

MicroRNAs are non-coding gene regulators that may serve as systemic lupus erythematosus biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis. This study was aimed to identify the single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1140713) of microRNA-126 and its expression by using PCR and qRT-PCR techniques. This research involved 100 womenwith SLE with a mean age of 32.85±9.992 years they were obtained from Baghdad city (medical city, Baghdad Hospital)/Iraq, along with 100 healthy controls with a mean age of 31.68±8.308 years. The mean score on the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI-2k) was 10.860.±3.275  and a disease duration was 9.00 years, (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, urea, and creatinine w

This experiment was carried out at a private field in the eastern Radwaniyah Baghdad for the fall season 2020/2021 and spring 2021 to study the effects of adding mineral fertilizers, spraying salicylic acid and amino acids on some growth traits and yield of industrial potato plants. 200 kg N h^-1 , 100 kg P₂O₅ h^-1, 100 kg K₂O h^-1 and F₂ consist of 275 kg N h^-1, 180 kg P₂O₅ h^-1, 200 K₂O h^-1 and F₃ consist of 350 kg N h^-1, 360 kg P₂O₅ h^-1, 300 K₂O h^-1 and salicylic acid in three conc

This study was aimed to determine the effect of mixed herbs and humic acid supplementation on the physiological status, haematological, and biochemical values of local goats in Indonesia. Twenty-four local goats 7-8 months old, were divided into four groups of six goats each. T0: herbs without humic acid, T1: herbs with 2-gram humic acid/goat T2: herbs and 4-gram humic acid/goat; T3: herbs and 6-gram humic acid/goat. The goats were fed grass and fermented oil palm. The result found that Orthogonal contrasts detect (P< 0.001) a significant influence of humic acid addition on respiration and heart rate, as well as HTC, with the amount of addition varying considerably during the 12.00 observation. There are no alterations in eryt

A comparative study was conducted to detect blood metabolic biomarkers of show and racehorse stallions in Iraq. Five stallions were selected for each, and blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture twice a time, fourteen days apart. Amino, fatty, carboxylic, and non-esterified fatty acids were investigated. Some hematological and biochemical attributes were also studied for show and racing stallions. All essential amino acids (except for threonine), non-essential amino acids (except for glutamine, glycine, and isoleucine), white blood cell (WBCs) count, granulosa (GR) percentage, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were higher (P≤0.05) in racing compared to the show stallions. On the other hand, more significant

This study investigated supplementing dried rosemary leaves to the diet of some semen, as well as blood biochemical traits in Holstein bulls. The eight bulls were divided equally into two groups (4bull/group). Bulls' in the first group were fed a diet without additives (control group). The bulls in the second group were fed a diet supplemented with 250mg rosemary per bull daily for 12 weeks, preceded by a two-week preliminary period. We detected some of the rosemary's active components. The semen was collected and evaluated weekly for 12 weeks. The serum concentrations of glucose, urea, aspartate, and alanine transaminase were determined. The active components analysis of rosemary revealed it contains phenolics (Gallic acid), fla

This study was aimed to find a hopeful antibacterial product from Streptomyces spp. acts against colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different clinical samples. Among 46 K. pneumoniae isolates, 4 (8.7%) isolates represented Colistin resistance using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration. Out of 20 soil samples collected from different gardens at Essaouira city, 18 Streptomyces spp. were isolated and identified. The bioactivity of each Streptomyces isolate was checked against antibiotic-resistant pneumococci. The result showed that only six isolates had high antibacterial activity, 3

The aim of the study was investigate the occurrence of multidrug resistance efflux pumps genes in local clinical isolates of Salmonella sp and try to apply efflux inhibitor for phenotypic detection besides their possibly future therapeutic uses to retain the activity of some frequently used antibiotics. Among 114 bacterial specimens obtained from several hospitals in Baghdad city only 67 isolates were diagnosed to Salmonella typhi according to conventional and molecular methods. The disk diffusion (Kirby Bauer) method was adopted to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of S. typhi isolates, and the results revealed variable rates of resistance to various antibiotics. While Gentamicin are the most effect

This study was conducted during 2022 in a private vineyard located in Chwarta town northeastern Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, the vineyard was rain-fed cultivation. This research was aimed to investigate the effect of tipping, foliar application of proline (0, 100, and 200 mg.L^-1), botminn plus (0, 3, and 6 ml.L^-1) and their interaction on vegetative growth parameters, and some leave mineral content. The results showed practicing grapevine's shoot tipping significantly increased single leaf areas, leaf’s chlorophyll content, lateral shoot number, N, P, and K%, except proline content. The foliar application of proline especially at (200 mg.L^-1) significantly increased all study characteris

The Maintaining the temperature system for fuel diesel engine by mathematical modeling. Thermal control of fuel with objective of this research, Peltier thermal application and paraffin-based thermal batteries. A fuel system thermometer is assembled in the diesel engine and thermal controller. A thermal model for thermal control of fuel has been developed in the diesel engine. Mathematical model is a system of differential equations. The use of controller for thermal control system of fuel and engine oil depending on the software obtained by approximating the graphical solution of the system allow to maintain the temperature with a error of ± 3 ° C for fuel and engine oil, which corresponds to the values ​​obtained experime

The objective of this study was to investiget the effect of different kinds of egg yolk (hen, quail, turkey, and duck) on the awassi ram semen quality after cryopreservation. The semen was collected by using artificial vagina from four awassi rams and then evaluated , after pooling the semen samples and dilution with tris which contain egg yolk  made from poultry birds (10%) and glycerol (5%).The samples were kept in 4C for two hours and then exposed to liquid nitrogen vapor for (10min) and suck in liquid nitrogen, one month later, the samples were thawed at 37C for(5min).the sperm motility, membrane integrity, the percentage of dead and abnormal sperm and DNA fragmentation determination were evaluated. The results showed th

 The article discusses the distribution of financial resources with a preference   for land assets and production of deep processed products with the highest added value, which simultaneously increases the incomes of producers and improves government revenues by increasing tax receipts. It is noted that the progressive development of agriculture depends on the technical modernization of the industry, which also requires investment. Therefore, it is necessary to subsidize the modernization and reconstruction of fixed assets - granaries, greenhouses. Potential profit, which will become an important component of investment, can give a boost to the investment activity. An analysis was carried out on the conceptual foun

The agricultural sector is most subject to the influence of risk factors. This might be explained by the fact that the efficiency and the output of agricultural production depends not only on invested labor and funds, but also on climatic, weather, environmental conditions, natural disasters. In this regard, the development of theoretical foundations of operational risk management in agriculture is highly relevant. The objective of our study was to develop measures to improve the methods of risk assessment and operational risk management at the level of agricultural enterprises, taking into account the requirements of environmental management and environmental protection. The article discusses the conditions and features of agric

 The efficacies of four insecticides with two different formulations liquid and solid viz; two as foliar sprays, Match 050 EC (lufenuron) and Icaros 1.8% EC (abamectin) as well as soil drench of Actara 25% WG (thiamethoxam) and Furadan 10% G (carbofuran) to control citrus leafminer (CLM) in orange orchard located in River Nile State during winter seasons 2015and 2016. The experiment was assigned in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. At each year two foliar and soil drench insecticidal were applied one time in late January. CLM larval counts were recorded at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment (DAT). Results showed that regardless the agricultural season and the time of all tested insecticidal

A new species of the scorpions Compsobuthus iraqensis sp.nov ,  was described for the first time in Iraq and  world which is collected  from Salahuddin governorate  in Iraq .This species are characterized by pedipalps and chela are very thin and very long,the sixth segments of metasoma are very tall and less in width.The  body color and legs are yellowish except the end of acelus is radish ,the total length between 26-40 mm, and the rows of granules on the movable finger of pedipalp  have 10 rows,The Compsobuthus. iraqensis sp. nov. is almost similar to the species Compsobuthus. persicus,(11) from Iran, which it differed  by some characters ,

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of different gestation periods on hematological and biochemical profile of Iraqi female camel. The study was done at the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Fallujah during the period from August, 1 to July, 11, 2013.  The experiment included 12 (6 pregnant and 6 non-pregnant), Iraqi female camels. Blood samples were collected at days 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 post-mating (PM). The blood samples for hematological, biochemical and plasma minerals assay. ESR and eosinophils were showed no significant different (P≤0.05) during different gestation period. Excluding data for cholesterol, HDL and LDL,

Six different bacterial and fungal isolates included Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Candida sp., Klaveromyces sp.,  Aspergillus sp. and Streptomyces sp. were tested to produce laccase enzyme by using submerged fermentation, Streptomyces sp., Candida sp., and Pseudomonas sp. were chosen as being the heaviest in terms of enzyme production, and were tested for laccase production by solid state fermentation using different supports such as a solid media including sawdust with 0.06% xylene, sawdust and bran mixture (2:1) with 0.06% xylene. By using a

Amphibians cutaneous glands spread over the skin which contain different bioactive substances. So, the aim of this study is to study the effects of frog skin secretions on parasites and pathogenic bacterial isolates. Five adult frogs (Rana ridibunda) from AL-Jadria streams in Baghdad used in this study. The frogs were stimulated by single intraperitoneal injection of norepinephrine-HCl (40ng/gm) body weight. Frogs skin glands secreted bioactive substances then washed .The washing solution was centrifuged, lyophilized and re-suspended and sterilized. The  result  of  the study  revealed that the concentration (500mg/ml) inhibited bacterial growth so as Staphylococcus aureus,

Wheat is an important economic crop, various development projects adopted by the government to improve the level of production of all crops Despite the efforts to increase the production of grain crops, especially the wheat, the total production is still insufficient to meet the growing consumption needs, which led to widening of the food gap in addition to the increase in population and the increasing demand for food.The aim of this research is to Forecasting food gap and production of wheat in Iraq, Box-Jenkins one of forecasting method used to forecast production and food gap of wheat. Statistical programs Minitab and SPSS used to analyses data. The best method for Forecasting wheat production for the period 2

This study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical and biological (epiphytic algae) properties of Diyala river. Eighteen environmental parameters were selected in addition to the qualitative study of epiphytic algae (total number of algae and chlorophyll a). Two macrophytes (Phragmites australis and Certatophyllum demersum) were selected for the benthic study. The results showed that the river was alkaline, very hard, brackish water and good aerated. The trophic level is ranged from oligotrophic to mesotrophic according to the results of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll a.  The study revealed that the upper part of the river differed in its properties from the middle and the lower par

A field experiment was carried out at the fields of Al- Husseiniya District, Taliaa Township, Babylon Governorate, to study the response of the Jerusalem artichoke to foliar application of  micro nutrients nano-fertilizes of Nano Iron, Zinc, Copper ,and Manganese foliar applied at 25, 50, 75 and 100 g nano-fertilizer 100 L^-1 water, and 1 kg naonfertilizers ha^-1(as recommended) dissolved in  400 liters of solution ha^-1.The experiment included single , di, tri and tetra combinations, as well as a tetra combination of a traditional source, in addition to control(distil water only) using RCBD with 3 replicates . Growth parameters tested were chlorophyll SPAD, dry matter yield of vegetative,

This study was carried out at the experimental field, College of Agriculture, University of Duhok, during 2013- 2015, using six genotypes of pea. The objective of this experiment to investigate heterosis and several genetic parameters by using full diallel cross. The results revealed that general combining ability were significant in all studied traits except No. of grain pod^-1, also special combining ability and reciprocal were significant in all traits at probability 5%.

This study was aimed to  detect and analysis of mutL gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in UTI patients .Two hundred midstream urine specimens were collected from UTI patients. Laboratory diagnosis carried out depend on morphological and biochemical tests and confirmed by using VITEK- 2 Compact system. The results showed twenty isolates of  Pseudomonas aeruginosa from two hundred urine specimens in percentage (10%). Genome extracted from all twenty isolates by specific kit , then amplification of mutL gene in PCR by specific primers. Sequencing process

This study was aimed to  determined by  number of dairy cows breeding projects to produce   milk using high productivity cows in Nineveh Governorate. The research aims to study the economic feasibility and environmental impact of the proposed project to be established in Nineveh Governorate using financial evaluation criteria. In order to prove the research hypothesis, the criteria of commercial profitability were used under the condition of certainty and uncertainty. It was found from the results of the research that the value of the net present value, the benefit-cost ratio, and the internal rate of return were 2911447, 1.74, and .18%, respectively. While the time period for recovering the project's investme