Mature leaves fully expanded, undamaged were used in this study for leaf anatomy (blade, midrib and petiole) for 12 taxa of subgenera Prunus and Cerasus (P. cerasifera Ehrh., P. domestica subsp. domestica L., P. domestica subsp. syriaca (Borkh.) Janchen ex Mansfeld, P. domestica subsp. insititia (L.) C. K. Schneid, P. domestica subsp.  italica (Borkh.) Gams ex Hegi, P. armeniaca var. armeniaca, P. armeniaca cv. Saeede Meraime, P. microcarpa var. pubescens (Bornm.) Meikle, P. micr

The goal of this research is to detect flavonoids in Polygonum multiforum and use these extracts in the phyto-synthesis of (CdO NPs) Nano-particles (CdO, CdO2) and characterize them.  The HPLC examination yielded five compounds: Emodin (29.55%), followed by Aloe-emodin (24.52%), Chrysophanol (19.24%), Rhein (16.61%), and Physcion (10.06%). Two techniques were utilized to synthesize NPs, and the average size (by AFM) was (83.26 and 86.14) nm for the first and second procedures, respectively. SEM analysis revealed that process 1 produced Nano-rod particles with diameters ranging from (20-50) nm, whereas procedure 2 produced hexagonal Nano-plate crystals with a single Nano-scale size (20-100) nm. TEM pictures s

This study was conducted during 2022 in a private vineyard located in Chwarta town northeastern Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, the vineyard was rain-fed cultivation. This research was aimed to investigate the effect of tipping, foliar application of proline (0, 100, and 200 mg.L^-1), botminn plus (0, 3, and 6 ml.L^-1) and their interaction on vegetative growth parameters, and some leave mineral content. The results showed practicing grapevine's shoot tipping significantly increased single leaf areas, leaf’s chlorophyll content, lateral shoot number, N, P, and K%, except proline content. The foliar application of proline especially at (200 mg.L^-1) significantly increased all study characteris

The Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous Gram-positive bacterium, which may resident in various parts of body as a nqiormal flora, but this bacterium can also cause community and nosocomial infections, which enhanced by different virulence factors. Hence, the goal of the recent work is isolation and identification of S. aureus form different sources and investigate the capability of these isolates to synthase microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMs). For achieving this aim, a total of 326 samples were obtained from various clinical sources, including wounds, blood, acne, skin, vagina and gum. Among these samples, only 100 isolates were confirmed as S. aureus, after s

The study looked at what happened to the weeds growth in the field when different types of sunflowers released root exudates grown in the summer of 2023. The goal was to determine if sunflower types' allelopathic potential affects weed growth and number. The results showed that after 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of cultivation, the Flamme cultivar did better than the Sakha, Aqmar, and Abba5 cultivars in reducing the number of weeds and their dry weight. The weed density dropped by 60%, 46%, 38%, and 35% compared to the control treatment, and the weeds' dry weight dropped by 61%, 66%, 62%, and 53% compared to the control treatment,

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of the combination of Leucaena and Indigofera in swamp grass-based rations on the quality or quantity of feed produced. The research was carried out based on a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and four replications. The types of forage used include termite Bento grass (Leersia hexandra) from swamp land; legumes Leucaena and Indigofera. The treatments consisted of A = swamp grass and concentrate (70%:30%), B = swamp grass, Leucaena and concentrate (40%:30%:30%), C = swamp grass, Indigofera and concentrate (40%:30%:30%), D = swamp grass, Leucaena, Indigofera and concentrate (40%:15%:15%:30%). The observed variables consisted of dry matter di

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different feeding levels (0%, 25%, and 50%) of alfalfa pellet ration (APR) (47% alfalfa) on the main carcass cuts Physico-chemical traits of Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). A total of 270 one-day-old ducklings were used. The birds at seven-day-old were assigned to 9 indoor pens of (2.2×1m) with outdoor and swimming pool (9.8×1m). Each pen represented an indoor replicate with 30 ducklings. The feeding program for Pekin Duck group treatments with (APR) (47% alfalfa) was used as a replacement to the basal diet at different percentages (0%, 25%, and 50%) for control (T0), first (T1) and

This study investigated supplementing dried rosemary leaves to the diet of some semen, as well as blood biochemical traits in Holstein bulls. The eight bulls were divided equally into two groups (4bull/group). Bulls' in the first group were fed a diet without additives (control group). The bulls in the second group were fed a diet supplemented with 250mg rosemary per bull daily for 12 weeks, preceded by a two-week preliminary period. We detected some of the rosemary's active components. The semen was collected and evaluated weekly for 12 weeks. The serum concentrations of glucose, urea, aspartate, and alanine transaminase were determined. The active components analysis of rosemary revealed it contains phenolics (Gallic acid), fla

This study was aimed to find a hopeful antibacterial product from Streptomyces spp. acts against colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from different clinical samples. Among 46 K. pneumoniae isolates, 4 (8.7%) isolates represented Colistin resistance using the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration. Out of 20 soil samples collected from different gardens at Essaouira city, 18 Streptomyces spp. were isolated and identified. The bioactivity of each Streptomyces isolate was checked against antibiotic-resistant pneumococci. The result showed that only six isolates had high antibacterial activity, 3

The aim of the study was investigate the occurrence of multidrug resistance efflux pumps genes in local clinical isolates of Salmonella sp and try to apply efflux inhibitor for phenotypic detection besides their possibly future therapeutic uses to retain the activity of some frequently used antibiotics. Among 114 bacterial specimens obtained from several hospitals in Baghdad city only 67 isolates were diagnosed to Salmonella typhi according to conventional and molecular methods. The disk diffusion (Kirby Bauer) method was adopted to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of S. typhi isolates, and the results revealed variable rates of resistance to various antibiotics. While Gentamicin are the most effect

The chili pepper plant Capsicum annuum L. is used in processed foods and pharmaceuticals given the importance of Capsaicin; it has been produced through cell cultures of chili pepper obtained from a media known as  Murashige and Skoog (MS), which is supplied by the best concentration1.5 and 0.3 mg/L of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin (kin.), respectively, gave highest fresh and dry weights of callus, reaching (368.06,29.40) mg respectively which was significantly different from other treatments. When determining the alkaloid compound capsaicin by HPLC, Its amount in the callus was found to be 3.8 μg/g after being treated with a nano dose of 0 mg/L. an increase of 1.5 fold over the quantity in the

This study was conducted in poultry farm in college of agricultural engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad - animal production department. In this study 100 laying hens of local Iraqi chickens were used with age 67day old, were placed in individual cages, each cage was numbered from 1 to 100, for the period from 26/10/2021 till 24/7/2022 to detect the different genotypes of LEPR gene, determining the frequency and percentage of the relevant genotypes local Iraqi chickens, , Productive traits were measured from the sexual maturity in to 100 days for each chicken, the blood samples were collected from 100 laying hens at the 38 weeks of age from the brachial vein, the PCR reaction will done us

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of vermicompost extract and mineral fertilizer on growth, grain yield of barley and nutrients availability during the season 2021-2022, in clay loam soil using Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD). Vermicompost extract was added at three levels: without addition (VE₀), injected into the soil (VE₁) and applied as a foliar application (VE₂). Mineral fertilizer was added at (0, 50 and 100%) from the recommended level Symbolized (C₀, C₁ and C₂) sequentially. Results showed

Three field experiments were conducted in Al- Rashidiya region, Istiqlal district, north of Baghdad governate, to study the difference the irrigation interval under subsurface drip, sprinkler, and furrow irrigation systems in water requirement and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) during the summer season 2021.Three field experiments were conducted, each including three irrigation systems, subsurface drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and furrow irrigation. It was implemented as a Factorial experiment within the design of Nested-Factorial Experiments Design. Where the second factor distributed three irrigation intervals on the main plot (2-day, 4 day and 6 day), then the three factors were divided into four repli

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of propolis [(crud propolis and Water Ethanol Extract Propolis (WEEP)] as feed additive on growth performance, hematology and survival rate in common carp, Cyprinus carpio challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 60 C. carpio, (average weight 75±10g) were randomly distributed into five treated groups as follows: control group (C) fish were fed basal diet without any addition of propolis; T1 fish were fed basal diet supplemented with 10g/kg crud propolis; T2, T3 and T4 fish were fed WEEP at concentrations of 2g, 4g and 8 g/kg diet respectively for 42 days. Results indicated that the best Final weight, specific g

This study was carried out in a private vineyard, located in Sulaymaniyah governorate, Kurdistan region-Iraq, during the growing season (2022) to investigate the effect of foliar applications of amino acids (0, 5, 10 mL.L^-1), benzyl adenine (0, 100, 200 mg.L^-1), and Nano-NPK fertilizer (0, 2, 4 g.L^-1) and their interactions on the activity of pollen grains and some chemical components. The results confirmed that 10 mg.L^-1 amino acid produced the highest pollen viability, pollen germination, leaf chlorophyll content, total carotene, and vitamin C, while it caused a significant decrease in total phenol compared to the control. Benzyl adenine, 200mg.L^-1 gave the highest signific

This experiment aimed to improve the qualitative traits and stimulate the accumulation of antioxidants  in potato plants under environmentally sustainable agricultural practices. A field experiment was conducted during the spring season of 2023 at the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) within  split-plot arrangement with two factors and three replications (2 × 6 × 3). The first factor involved the application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂-NPs) at concentrations of 0 and 10 ml·L⁻¹, denoted as (T₀) and (T₁), respectively. The second factor included six treatments as follows: natural irrigation (I), prolong

The current study was conducted in two different sites , these, sites S1 and S2 were  located before and After Al- Kut Barrier respectively at Tigris River middle of Iraq. This study focused on evaluation the effect of  lead Pb and  cadmium Cd on Guttan, Luciobarbus xanthopterus for the period from January to September 2021. Monthly, some of water qualities were measured. The values for Water temperature ranged between 6.2 to 20.6 ºC , DO₂ were recorded values between 11.16  to 6.12 mg /l. , BOD₅ values were showed values between 1.03 to 3.42, water turbidity values of 11.7 to 72.4 NTU, The pH water values were ranged between 6.4 to 7.7 at  sites S1 and S2 respectively. Lea

This study was aimed to determine the effect of mixed herbs and humic acid supplementation on the physiological status, haematological, and biochemical values of local goats in Indonesia. Twenty-four local goats 7-8 months old, were divided into four groups of six goats each. T0: herbs without humic acid, T1: herbs with 2-gram humic acid/goat T2: herbs and 4-gram humic acid/goat; T3: herbs and 6-gram humic acid/goat. The goats were fed grass and fermented oil palm. The result found that Orthogonal contrasts detect (P< 0.001) a significant influence of humic acid addition on respiration and heart rate, as well as HTC, with the amount of addition varying considerably during the 12.00 observation. There are no alterations in eryt

A comparative study was conducted to detect blood metabolic biomarkers of show and racehorse stallions in Iraq. Five stallions were selected for each, and blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture twice a time, fourteen days apart. Amino, fatty, carboxylic, and non-esterified fatty acids were investigated. Some hematological and biochemical attributes were also studied for show and racing stallions. All essential amino acids (except for threonine), non-essential amino acids (except for glutamine, glycine, and isoleucine), white blood cell (WBCs) count, granulosa (GR) percentage, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were higher (P≤0.05) in racing compared to the show stallions. On the other hand, more significant

This study was aimed to investigate a comprehensive methodology and its ensuing results for identifying potential sites for wind power plants (WPPs) and solar photovoltaic plants (SPVPs) across Tunisia, a crucial step given the significant long-term investment these plants entail. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) integrated with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and underpinned by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), this research meticulously weighs and maps various site-specific criteria essential for site suitability assessment. The results indicate that approximately 1183 km² (1.8% of Tunisia's total area) and 2533 km² (3.7%) are optimally suited for large-scale SPVPs and WPPs, respectively. the prime locat

This study was aimed to investigate response of two sweet corn hybrids to bacterial biofertilizers and spraying with Mg⁺² and Ca⁺² and their impact on the yield during fall season 2021 and spring season 2022, CASH seeds (H1) and ROI SOLEIL seeds (H2) were planted in pots, when they reached 2-3 leaves treated with four treatments which included without biofertilizer (B0), with Azospirillum brasilense (B1) with Pseudomonas fluorescens (B2) and the interaction with Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens (B3) then transferd to the field, and sprayed the seedling which included without spraying (N0), spraying with Mg⁺⁺ a

This study was aimed to demonstrate effect of adding some Bio-fertilizers,Nile flower peat fertilizer and spraying with its extract on growth and yield of potato, Tow field experiment at spring and fall season2022 was carried out Horticulture Development Station  in the kut district of the Directorate of Agriculture ofWasit Governorate The experiment was implemented using factorial arrangement (4×3×2) within randomized complete block design with three replicates, The  First factor included the addition of biofertilizers (M) ,which is M₀-without adding , M₁- added the Mycorrhizae

This study was aimed to conduct one of the vertical garden systems , selecting suitable plant species that with stand the climate conditions of Baghdad city in outer space to determine the appropriate growing medium for the (LWS), and to assess the impact of spraying with potassium silicate on the resistance of the cultivated plants to heat stresses . The study carried out at at Al-Batool Park of (Al-Kadhimiya Holy City). Two experiments were carried out, each one with a different plant species, including Wedelia trilobata and Tradescantia pallida, during the winter season of 2021 and summer season of 2022. The experiments were designed using a split block design. The experiments included two factors, the first

This study was carried out to compare the effects of intravaginal FGA sponges to synchronize estrus on reproductive performance of the Karadi and Arabi ewes , 30 for each breed at 2-4 years during the breeding season were used. Ewes from each breed were equally and randomly distributed into three groups. The first group was treated with vaginal sponges saturated with (40 mg) of FGA within a period of 14 days (T1). The second group administrate with the FGA and is injected with a dose of 400 IU of the PMSG hormone  (T2). The third group treated with a dose of 0.5 ml/head of PGF2α hormone (T3)  on the day of sponge removal, was injected at. The result of the study showed a non-significant increase in the estrous rate, fe

This study was conducted at the poultry Farm / Animal production department, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Science / University of Baghdad, during the period form 8-3-2014 to 19-4-2014 to evaluation of supplementing different levels of turmeric (curcuma Longa) Powders to Broiler diets on economic indicator and histological measurement of intestine. One hundred and twelve unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308), one day, 41g its initial body weight. The birds were randomly distributed among Four treatments, each treatment contained 28 birds, with two replicates and each replicate contained 14 birds. The chicks of first treatment (T1) control without supplement, while T2, T3 and T4 treatment were fed a standard diet for broilers in

This study aims to obtain information on the reproductive biology of these species, especially on sex ratio, fecundity, ovarian development, and breeding season. The study was conducted from August 2022 to July 2023 on every full moon with the highest tide in the estuary of Bengawan Solo River, East Java, Indonesia. The obtained samples were placed in the freezer and identified, and a dissection was performed to observe the gonads. There were 617 crabs with an average sex ratio of 1 male to 1.9 females. Mean fecundity of V. litterata was 45350±3182 egg/individual. In each sampling period, there were always females that were maturing gonads. The ovaries of females during the study were the early developed (stage III), la

This study aimed to investigate a new evaporation technique of essential oils; EOs (oregano, Lemongrass and bergamot essential oils) are in product called Fumite^®Aroma. The study included 3 immunological parameters namely immunoglobulin A (IgA), interferon gamma (INF-γ), and newcastle disease (ND) antibody titer (Ab) as well as to compare between aerosol and ocular routes for ND vaccine. The study was designed as follow : {G1: is positive control given EOs(6g) only; G2: given Eos (6g) with ND vaccine by aerosol route; G3: given EOs (6g) with ND vaccine by ocular route; G4: given ND vaccine by aerosol route only; G5: given ND vaccine by ocular route only; G6: is negative control with no evaporation or vaccination}. Le

A study was conducted to evaluate the quality of Diyala River water with some heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd), Boron and their effect on pollution of agricultural soil surrounding river that is irrigated with river water. Nine areas located on river within Al-Jisr district of Al-Madain district, southeast of Baghdad Governorate / Iraq, were selected, namely Umm Al-Ubaid, Al-Uwaija, Al-Khafaji, Al-Kargouliya, Jurf Al-Naddaf, Al-Samadiyah, Abu Thila, Al-Arifiyah, Al-Tuwaitha, and northern shores of Salman Pak, for comparison purposes. Water samples were taken for three months during summer (June, July, and August) and three months during the winter (January, February, and March) of 2024, and average values ​​for two seasons were

A set of 60 samples were collected from different sources of multiple areas of Hyderabad (India) in order to select a local Escherichia coli isolates that have the ability to produce HSP70. 26 isolates were characterized after studied the morphological characteristics and microscopic properties of the isolates on macConkey agar and EMB recorded after 24hr. and grams staining was done. The isolated bacteria were screened for various biochemical tests to get 11 isolates that submitted for molecular identification, and the amplification of 16S rRNA regions using universal primer (16S rDNA) verified only 5 E. coli isolates which were sequenced and NCBI accession numbers were acquired. Five distinct isolates (RU-1, R