نفذت التجربة في البيوت البلاستيكية التابعة لكلية علوم الهندسة الزراعية – جامعة بغداد في ربيع 2018  إذ إدخلت ست سلالات نقية من القرع المر في برنامج التضريب التبادلي الكامل وفي الموسم الزراعي 2018-2019 زرعت بذور التراكيب الوراثية (ست سلالات نقية ورمز لها 1 و2 و3 و4  و5

يهدف هذا البحث الى عزل بعض فطريات التربة ودراسة دورها كعزلات مفردة ومختلطة في التكسير الحيوي للمبيد الفطري كاربندزايم وبتراكيز مختلفة ولفترتين زمنيتين من الحضن. اظهرت النتائج ان اعلى نسبة تكسير حيوي للمبيد الفطري في تركيز4 جزء بالمليون  لوحظت في المزرعة المفردة للفطر Aspergillus niger  وكانت (69.66 % و 99.96 %) على التتابع بعد 10 و20 يوم من الحضن. اما المزرعة الفطر

This study was aimed to investigate the potentiality of gluten inclusion into functional foods. The effect of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis on the antioxidant properties of Pepsin, Trypsin, and Papain-assisted wheat gluten hydrolysates have been studied. Lyophilized and dried gluten from durum wheat, commercial durum gluten, and whey proteins were enzymatically hydrolyzed. Based on the antioxidant activity of the obtained hydrolysates, papain hydrolyzed gluten was selected for this study. Functional properties (water holding capacity, emulsifying capacity and stability, foam formation and stability, protein solubility, and oil binding capacity) were investigated for the selected samples. Result

This study was conducted at the poultry farm  -Animal Production Department/ College  of Agricultural Engineering Sciences- University of Baghdad, for the period from 2018/8/17 to 2018/9/28, in order to study the effect of adding inorganic and organic selenium to the broiler diets reared at high temperatures in the physiological performance.  A 420 un-sexed chicks of breed (Ross 308) were used in the experiment as a one-day old and with weight rate of 36.4g. The chicks were distributed randomly and equally on 7 treatments, each one included 3 replicates at 20 chicks/replicate. The experiment included the following treatments : T1,T2, and T3 as organic selenium treatments which are selenomethionin with a concentrati

Three identically designed microbial fuel cell-constructed wetland (MFC-CW) systems were constructed and setup in this study for simultaneous biotreatment of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) and bioelectricity generation. MFC-CW1 and  MFC-CW2 were planted with Canna indica, and Phragmites australis, respectively. MFC-CW3 was unplanted and considered as the control. These three systems were operated simultaneously in a batch mode for two cycles to evaluate  the effect of PRW biotreatment on the growth and development of the selected plants and the potential of generated bioelectricity as well.  The operation period for each cycle was 8 days.  Results demonstrated that maximum removal efficiency of t

This study was aimed to investigate the ability of N.oleander to remove Cadmium (Cd) from wastewater. A prolonged toxicity test was performed in a single exposure and run for 65 days with various concentrations of Cd. Plants were grown in sand medium and irrigated with simulated wastewater contaminated with Cd, using different concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50, 75 mg/L), which were chosen based on previous preliminary test. The results of physical observation of the plants didn’t show any withering symptoms. The Cd concentration in plants increased, while in water decreased. The results of plant analysis showed that Cd concentration in plant shoots (stems and leaves) was higher than that in roots for almost all exposure do

تم عزل خمسة وثمانون عزلة من بكتريا Lactobacillus sp.  من مصادر مختلفة وشخصت باختبارات  كيموحيوية  ثم عرضت الى غربلة اولية وثانوية لاختيار افضل عزلة لإنتاج المستحلب  الحياتي من بين العزلات. الغربلتين اظهرت ستة وعشرون عزلة افضل انتاج للمستحلب الحياتي من الغربلة الاولية واختيرت للغربلة الثانية وجدت من خلال النتائج بان العزلة ADK2

أجريت تجربة حقلية في تربة مزيجية غرينية لمعرفة تأثير سماد الفيرميكومبوست Vermicompost ولقاح الرايزوبيا Rhizobium legumenosarum على نمو وحاصل نبات الماش وبعض صفات التربة بعد الزراعة بتصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة RCBD وبثلاث مكررات. وقد تضمنت تسعة معاملات (T1: المقارنة، T2: التوصية السمادية كاملة، T3: فيري

This experiment aimed for evaluating the stress and financial losses resulting from transporting broiler chickens  from farms to slaughterhouses under harsh Iraqi conditions. Data were collected from 18 farms, where 42,564 broiler chickens were transported to slaughterhouses. Depending on the time of journey, the marketed birds were divided into three groups: short-time (T1), medium-time (T2), and long-time (T3) that lasted 3, 6, and 9 hours, respectively. The total percentage of mortalities  resulting from transporting broiler was 0.46%, while the percentage of lost weight was 5.12%, thus the percentage of total losses resulting from transportation reached 5.58%. The overall percentage of mortalities and the percentage

 This study was aimed to investigate cytogenetic effects of the crude saponinsof Yucca elephantipes leaves on mitosis. The root tips of Allium cepa L. were used as plant test system in vivo. Root tips of A. cepa were tested for four hours with four concentrations of the crude saponins (0.00, 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/ml). This study were included some cytogenetic diagnosis included mitotic index, phase index, and chromosomal aberration. Results showed that saponins reduced the mitotic index (MI) to less than 50%, specifically when treated with 12.5,25 or 50 mg/ ml mitotic index reached 25.48, 17.98, 18.81% respectively, this reduction was considered tox

This research was aimed to construct an integrative system which is capable of accurate determining and analyzing evapotranspiration rates in Iraq for long period , Since high evapotranspiration rates and extreme shortage in precipitation are the main causes of aridity, which considered principal reason for land degradation and land desertification eventually. FAO Penman-Monteith method was adopted because it's the international standard method. In this work meteorological readings of nine stations with comprehensive covering for Iraq's area were taken for every ten years in a long-term range (31 years). The daily evapotranspiration values had been calculated, then after the annual summation value determined for the years (1987,

The Prangos platychlaena Boiss belonged to the family of Apiaceae is a native medicinal plant of Kurdistan-Iraq. The stem, leaves and flowers of the plant were collected in the mountain of Halgurd of the Kurdistan region of Iraq, and  hydrodistilated to obtain the volatile compounds, using both Gas Chromatography ( GC ) and Gas chromatography/ Mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). The  results showed that the P. platychlaena Boiss essential oils containing  several compounds such as Sylvestrene, α-Pinene oxide, (Z)-Epoxy-ocimene, Borneol, epi-Longipinanol, Germacrene D-4-ol, epi-α-Cadinol, 3-Thujanol acetate and Acorenone with different amount which were not found in any other Prangos species, and all show

In the current study aquatic oligochaetes worms were collected monthly from five sites along AL- Abbasyia  river / Al-Najaf province, South Iraq for a period between February 2018 to  January 2019. Physical and chemical parameters for river water were examined which include: Air and Water temperature, pH ,Electrical conductivity ,Salinity, Dissolved oxygen , Biological oxygen demand and Sediment texture. The results showed a number of 5039 individuals of aquatic Oligochaeta were identified as three families Naididae ,Lumbriculdae and Enchytraaeidae .Tow species of Naididae Allonais pectinata (Stephenson, 1910)  and Dero (Dero) dorsalis Forroniere, 1899 are conside

This study was aimed to determine the role of vitamin D on renal function and thyroid gland. Eighty blood samples were collected (20 patients and 20 healthy) of different sex with different ages (28-88) years from Baghdad's hospitals to study the renal function, as well as samples from (20 patients and 20 healthy) of different sex with various ages (12-62) years were collected to study the thyroid gland function. The blood samples of kidney were tested for urea, creatinine and vitamin D, whereas other samples tested for Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Thyroxine (T4), and Tri-iodothyronine (T3), and vitamin D. The results

The carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) is a model of Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which is metabolized to DMBA-trans-3,4-diol, an intermediate inductive of DNA mutations through alteration of DNA base pairs, initiation of chronic inflammation and excessive production of Reactive Oxygen Species which is very toxic substances in tissue. This study was aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Melatonin. DNA damage was induced by topical treatment of DMBA to the shaven part of mice skin. Animals injected with melatonin (10 mg/kg ) intraperitoneally. mice bone marrow cells were used for the determination of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and the percentage of mitotic index. DMBA induced significant elevat

This study was aimed to investigate microbiological and molecular markers of periodontal problems and its association with conception in 101 Iraqi women, 50 primary infertile while 27 secondary infertile and 24 pregnant as control group. Major periodontal pathogen in the subgingival plaque and cervical vaginal swab specimens was detected, and molecular marker (16SrRNA) gene used for detection of Fusobacterium in our study. Fusobacterium sp. isolates from oral samples were examined biochemically and confirmed by molecular detection, they were also subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test and were shown to be resistant to β-lactamase family of antibiotics and were mostly resistant to Ciprofloxacin. Four

This study was aimed to compare two spreading agents (Tween 20 (T) and dishwashing detergent (D)) which are commonly used in agricultural researches in Iraq and sometimes are used by the local spray applicators. Moreover, the universalflat fan nozzle (UNI) was compared with the air induction nozzle (AI) concerning the quality of the spray produced. The treatments included three concentrations (1.0%; 0.1% and 0.01% vol /vol %) of each spreading material beside the control treatment (water only). Spray quality was evaluated by using the water sensitive papers (WSP), and DepositScan software was used to analyze the scanned photos of WSP. Theevaluated parameters related to the spray quality included: spray coverage (%); spray density

 Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Toxocara canis infected egg. Larval stage of this parasite has ability to migrate through intestinal wall and invade all body organs causing a visceral larvae migrant (VLM) syndrome. Diagnosis of VLM is problematic; there were no accurate laboratory test that reveals the presence of larvae infection in paratenic hosts (human, ruminants or poultry). The eggs were isolated from adult T. canis uteri and cultured in 0.2M H2S04 solution for embryonation, mice were experimentally infected with emberyonated eggs. Many hisopathological changes detected in heart and kidney tissues of infected mice but it could not detected encysted

This study was aimed isolation and molecular detection of some causative agents of urinary tract infection (cystitis and pyelonephritis). Out of 108 tested urine samples (56 from females and 52 from males); 60 samples (55.55%) have infected with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 36 (64.2%) females and 24 (46.1%) males. The sixty infected samples contain from 56 E. coli and (4) K. pneumoniae, this samples identified by Vit

This study was conducted during the period from March till the end of October 2018, to study the histopathological changes of Myxobolus bramae in kidney tissue of Carasobarbus luteus caught from Tigris River passing through Baghdad city.  During the period of this study, a total of 60 fishes belonging to Carasobarbus luteus species from the family Cyprinidae were collected. The prevalence of infection with these protozoa was determinate (5.00%). Histopathological study due to M. bramae in the kidney tissue of C. luteus was done by using three types of stain: Hemotoxylin and eosin, giemsa and acid fast stain to observe plasmodia cyst and structures of spores. These changes

This study was aimed to determine the impact of Conocarpus erectus L. compost fertilizer, and some micronutrients on growth and production of potato. This research was conducted at one of the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad. The experiment was implemented using factorial arrangement (4X3X3) within randomized complete block design with three replicates. Conocarpus fertilizer was represented the first factor with three levels (7.5, 15, 30 ton.ha^-1), which symbolized (C2, C3, C4). Chemical fertilizer as recommended dose as a control, which symbolized (C1). The second factor was foliar spraying with three levels of iron (

 Technique of tissue culture for Chia (Salvia hispanica) micropropagation was achieved, this study investigated the impact of various concentrations of plant growth regulators on shoot multiplication and root induction with the Chia’s mature seed as a source explant. The highest percentage of shoot formation (80%), shoots number per explant(3.20) and shoot length(3.26 cm), were recorded on MS medium enriched with BAP(1.0 mgl^-1) after eight weeks of seed culture. The optimal medium for the rhizogenesis was achieved on half strength MS medium fortified with 1.0 mgl^-1 IBA after

Cellulose acetate (CA) is a biopolymer produced from fronds of date palm (type teperzal) which were taken from the Iraqi groves. The steps used to produce (CA); pretreatment, bleaching, acetylation and hydrolysis. Organosolv pretreatment method was used to remove high lignin content under mild and severe conditions using NaOH as a catalyst at the concentration (0.03) M. The conditions of Organosolv pretreatment were used: temperature (125 °C mild, 160 °C severe), pretreatment time 90 min, and ethanol: water ratio 40:60 wt/wt. The acetylation of cellulose with acetic acid was used to produce cellulose tri-(CTA) and di-(CDA) acetate for two ways: with treated and untreated fronds. The conditions of acetylation reaction were used:

 This study was conducted in lath house, Dept. of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, Coll. of Agricultural Engineering Sciences – Univ. of Baghdad during 2017 / 2018 growing seasons to investigate the influence of biofertilizers and poultry manure on 2 year's old trees of hawthorn transplants. This study included two treatments: four types of biofertilizers control (B₁), Azospirillum brasilense (B₂), Bacillus megatherium (B₃) and A. brasilense + B. megatherium (B₄) and thre

Very low-density lipoprotein receptor gene (VLDLR) is a part of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family. VLDLR plays important roles in transport egg yolk precursor to the oocyte. This work was conducted to study the effect of VLDLR polymorphism on the productive performance of local Iraqi chickens. In this study, the VLDLR gene was studied using blood samples of 173 pedigreed hens aged 47 weeks representing the third generation selected for high egg production. Genotypic and alleles frequencies in addition to the association between genotypes and egg production, egg weight and egg mass from onset eggs laid to the 80 weeks of age were investigated. The results showed that the genotypic and allelic frequencies of the VL

This research was conducted at the field of Al-Mussaib technical institute dating April 2018, to study effect of tractor speeds and tillage depths on some technical indicators for plow locally manufactured, by using (New Holland TD5) tractor and (Massey Ferguson 375) tractor with combined plow locally manufactured in the various tillage depths as well as effect of tractor speeds in clay loam soil. This research was studied two factors: included three tillage depths (15, 20 and 24 cm). Moreover three practical speeds of the tractor (3.77, 5.19 and 6.45 km·hr^-1), the experiment was applied using factorial experiment according to the (CRD) with four repl

A simple, rapid, accurate, sensitive and ecofriendly method has been developed for the quantitative determination of Cefixime (CFX) in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations by using a combination of cloud point extraction with UV-Visible absorption spectrophotometric method. Analytical applications of complexation with metal ions by reacting Cefixime (CFX) with  Iron (III) to form chelate complexes under limited experimental conditions. The method based to dissolved CFX in 0.1 M NaOH,  10% (v/v) Triton X-114 and  mixed with (1000 μg mL^-1<

This study was aimed to investigate the Portulaca oleracea is a succulent plant in Portulacaceae family distributed around different regions of Iraq as collected widely in the gardens of Baghdad governorate. The results of this study shown that a systematic significant of morphological and anatomical data. Individuals of purslane showed herb habit with branched shoot stems. Stems and leaves are glabrous and leaves are alternate, the petiole is absent. There is variation in morphological characters as (Flowers, inflorescence architecture), these inflorescences were viewed as clustered in the form of small one carrying many male and female flowers as the inflorescences take the form of lon

The current research was carried out to enhance Aloe vera propagation via tissue culture technique. BA at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/l alone or combined with 0.1 mg/l NAA were used for shoot proliferation. The best result was recorded by using 2mgl-1 BAP (5.33 shoots/ explant). Meanwhile, combination between 2 mg/l BAP with (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) mg/l kinetin, NAA or IBA were tested and best protocol was shown by using 2 mg1-1 BAP + 0.6 NAA which recorded 4.89 shoots/ explant. For rooting, MS medium at half and full strength salts were used supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4mgl-1 of NAA. The result revealed that 3 mg1-1 NAA at half strength of MS medium regenerate developed roots (8.67 roots / shoot) within 4 weeks. The well successful healthy plantl

This study was carried out at Qlyasan  location in Sulaimani region (Lat 35 º 34' 307''; N, long 45º 21' 992; E, 765 masl) for F₃ generation of seven pea varieties (1-Avolla, 2-Americana, 3-Jeza, 4-Joneor, 5-Packland, 6-Arvena and 7-Samara). The seeds of 21 F₃ crosses and their parents were sown in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD).With three replicates. The results showed that the mean squares of genotypes, gca and sca were highly significant for seed weight plant^-1 and most its important components. The parents Americana and Jeza recorded maximum values for all studied characters. The cross AvollaxAmericana recorded the highest value for seed weight plant^-1 and pod weig