Sesame protein isolate (SPI) was prepared from dehulled, defatted sesame protein concentrate (SPC) using alkaline extraction and isoelectric precipitation. The optimum conditions for SPI preparation were “pH 12, sample to solvent ratio 1:30 (w/v), extraction temperature 60 ⁰C and extraction time 60 minutes”. The protein recovery using the conditions above was 63.83% with 90.05% of protein content and low oil content (0.05%). The optimum conditions for protein isolate hydrolysate preparation (depending on antioxidant activity) was achieved using trypsin (2000 U/gm) for 2 hours hydrolysis followed by hydrolysis with pepsin (1000 U/gm) for one hour at 37C⁰,

The aim of this study to determine how tolerant wheat genotypes to drought stress. Three drought tolerant Triticum aestivum L. genotypes; Rizgary, Sham-6 and Abu-Ghraib compared with three drought-susceptible; IPA95, Tammuz-2 and IPA99 under water deficit 20% WHC (Water Holding Capacity). ABA level, drought related parameters; shoot and root dry weights, root and shoot ratio. As well as Leaf relative water content (LRWC %), membrane stability index (MSI %) and proline content determined in the leaves. A considerable increase of ABA noted in drought tolerant as compared to susceptible genotypes under drought stress condition. That is led to reduction in shoot dry weight in Rizgary, Sham-6 and Abu-ghreb; 2.71, 2.70 and 2.6

The pre­sent study was carried out in order to under­stand and describe the histological alterations and survival rate in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. treated with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide following Saprolegniasis infection. One hundred fish infected with Saprolegnia spp. were collected from fish farms in Babylon/Iraq. Fungal isolation was done from different parts of the body using the routine technique. Pathogenicity of the isolated fungi was tested on host fish with a concentration of 2×10⁴ zoospores L^-1 and the fishes were got the infection. Hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations (1, 3, 6 ml/L for 30 min for 3 successive d and control group) was used to c

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of foliar nutrition on fig sapling  growth of cv. waziry at the College of Agricultural Engineering Scicences A factorial experiment within Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates was used during the seasons of 2017-2018, using fig seedlings by spraying fertilizers (Foliartal) with four concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 ml.L^-1) and organic fertilizers (Tecamin Max) with four concentrations (0, 3, 4, 5 ml.L^-1). Results revealed that application folir of chemical fertilizers caused an increases in plant growth. the highest concentration (4 ml.L^-1) was the most effect leading to a

Bark canker disease has recently found in Sulaimani province. Disease incidence reached to 17.2% in Tawella. Bacterial isolates were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics using the API 20E system. Fifty-one and half percent of the isolates were identified as Brenneria nigrifluens and 36.3% as Pantoea spp. B. nigrifluens isolates formed circular colonies with entire margins and creamy color on nutrient agar. Biochemical tests classify B. nigrifluens isolates into seven groups. Vitek GN system further used to confirm the identification. The

The aim of this study to investigate the role of in ovo injection in broiler breeder (Ross-308) fertile eggs with calcium, vitamin D₃ and their mixture at 18 d of incubation on hatchability, tibia bone and blood properties post-hatching, included five groups: (non-injected and in ovo injected 100 μL sterilized distill water) controls as well as eggs that were injected with the 100 μL sterilized distill water either 0.8 mg calcium (Ca), 0.8 mg Cole vit D₃ [colecalciferol or 25-OHD₃] and mix of 0.8 mg Ca + 0.8 mg Cole vit D₃. The results showed that an in ovo injection with calcium, Cole vit D₃ and their mix presented significantly higher in hatchability (%),

The aim of environmental study is to investigate the effects of the discharge of Wasit power plant in Al-Zubaidiya city on the physical- chemical factors and biodiversity of benthic invertebrates community of Tigris River, for a period from October 2017 to Augusts 2018. The total number of benthic invertebrates in four stations was 12866 individual. These benthic invertebrates  belonged to 8 taxonomic units. This study includes some statistical environmental indexes (Relative abundance index, Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index, Species Uniformity Index, Species Richness Index and Jaccard Index). The results reveal that the environmental indexes were decreased at station 2 and thermal Wasit power plant negatively effects benthic

Lotus garcinii is a new additional plant species to papilionaceae family in flora of Iraq for the first time found at Al-Imsad Dam region (South of Rutba) of Western Desert District (DWD) from Iraq. The species was collected in spring season of 2017 and 2018, preserved in National Herbarium of Iraq(BAG) with the numbers 59780, 59781 and 59782. The identification of the species was confirmed by using some Flora of the neighboring countries for Iraq, taxonomic treatment was done, and some distinguishing characters are given.

The aim of this study is extraction, estimation and identification of volatile oil in flowers Cestrum nocturnum plant, and study the antioxidant effect of oil it’s effect  on the chemical properties of minced cattle meat which was stored on fridge to elongation period of cold storage. Steam distillation method was used to extraction volatile oil and gaze  chromatography-Mass (GC-Mass) to estimate quantitative and qualitative active compounds in oil, Using diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) and ascorbic acid as a positive comparison was determined the antioxidant effect. Some chemical testes was done on minced cattle meat by used 200mg\ml from oil under 4˚c for (0,3,7 and 10).The results showed

The objective of this study was to find the main differences in physical properties between tension wood of Melia azedarach L. and compression wood of Pinus brutia Ten. and comparing them to the normal wood of the standing trees. Results indicate that tension and compression wood increased swelling (length, volume and thickness) after immersion of samples in water for 2, 6 and 24 hours and volumetric shrinking percentage greater than normal wood. Also, tension wood of Melia azedarach L. gave greater volumetric and thickness swelling percentage than compression wood of Pinus brutia Ten. Results did not show clear differences between tension and compression wood in longitudinal swelling percentag

Cluster analysis was applied in grouping soils based on their scores of the factors controlling soil variation within 718.326 ha area in Al-Hashimiya District that was located in Babil province. Forty five sites were randomly sampled and analyzed for hierarchical cluster analysis which has been used to group samples by using Ward's method and to develop soil maps. The spatial distribution of distinct groups of elements demonstrates the interplay of ECe, Gypsum content, and particle size distribution factors. Cluster analysis appears to be useful for revealing patterns of soil homogeneity and for identifying relationships among soil properties. Numerical analysis may be a helpful supplementary method for

This research aims to investigate the impact of monetary policy on agricultural GDP through monetary indicators such as exchange rate, interest rate, money supply and inflation for the period (1990-2014). The relationship was estimated through the (VECM) error correction model using statistical beam. The long - run  equilibrium relationship between the variables of the model and the results of the estimation of the relationship in the short  run revealed that the agricultural GDP is affected by the variables of monetary policy has been found that both inflation and money supply has a positive and significant the effect means that the increase in money supply by 1%  will lead to an increase in output. The GDP by 0.2

This study was aimedto evaluate the influence of carrageenan and pectin on jam color during 10 days of cold storage (+ 4 ºC). Jam samples were prepared with cherry and apricot fruits and 3 concentrations of gelling agents (0.5 %, 1 % and 2 %). Cherry and apricot jam samples prepared without gelling agent were used as control samples. Pectin, κ-carrageenan and ι-carrageenan were used as gelling agents. The jams were stored in the refrigerator for 10 days. The color of jams was monitored by personal camera, with the usage of image analysis software in three intervals (first day, third day and tenth day). The significant (p<0.05) changes of color during 10 days of storage were measured in all prepared jam samples with emphasis

The Drainage of agricultural land has become a top priority in agriculture, at the level of developing countries it is directly related to human life and economic development of the state. The objective of this article is to quantify and estimate morphological evolution in the medium term. the morphological evolution of the canals under the influence of sedimentary transport processes. The study area consists of agricultural land located in the plain of Bouteldja, in the north-east of Algeria. This zone was developed in 2006 as part of a hydro-agricultural project through the creation of networks of open-air drainage channels, but until now submerged with adjacent farmland. The causes may be: i) the lack of cleaning maintenance s

The research aimed to improve rice yield and income of farmers by managing the soil organic carbon to achieve food security in South Sumatra landscape. This research has been done in agricultural land of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District, South Sumatra. This research is an experimental research by using completely randomized design in factorial. The first factor was rice variety (local and superior), and the second factor was six ricefields, namely ricefields of sandy rainfed; loamy rainfed; lebak (freshwater swamp); tidal swamp; and technical irrigation. Composite soil samples were taken from each ricefield and analyzed in the laboratory for organic C content. Rice production data were collected by quadratic methods mea

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of boron and sugar alcohols on the growth, yield and quantity of seeds produced from pepper cv. California wonder, A factorial experiment (3 × 7) was conducted according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the open field of the research station B, Coll. of Agri. Univ. of Baghdad during 20/12/2016 to 1/12/2017. The experiment included two factors, first one was boron which used boric acid (0, 50, 100 mg l ^-1) and the second factor was sugar alcohols (sorbitol) (15, 25, 35 g, l ^-1) and mannitol sugar (10, 20, and 30 g l ^-1

This research was implemented on rice farmers in An-Najaf Alshraf Province. It aims at economic assess of rice brands  Jasmine – Anbar 33 – Anbar Albaraka .on random layer sample with ratio of  5% . The research depend, to achieving its targets, on using Cost-Benefit Analysis CBA and ADOPT  program to assess these brands and identify how far farmers will be familiar to the best brand. Many conclusions have been achieved. The most important ones maybe: the net retuen which is  331  thousands Dinar/ dunums in case of cultivating the brand. This is higher than the net benefit in case of cultivating jasmine brand which is  289   thousand Dinars/ dunums.  The interned rate of return was

The paper were carried on rice farmers in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf province. It aimed for studying economical efficiency for a random stratified sample of 5%. 235 forms brand have been collected. The paper depended, to maintain its aims, on using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) upon the production and costs functions of farms of the research sample under discussion. Many conclusions have been achieved The results of estimating the technical efficiency upon production function refer that the jasmine Anbar 33, Anbar Al Baraka, 84.2%, 88.9%, 86.4%. The total economic efficiency of these cultivars were 30, 26 and 10, respectively Depending

Females of Colobomatus asiaticus Hayward, 1996 have been collected from prepercular canal of silver sillago Sillago sihama (Forsskål, 1775) from Iraqi marine waters during May 2016 and December 2017. The present work confirmed the original description of the species by possessing combination of characters: Short and rounded thoracic lobes and both third leg and genital segment with one seta. The present report Colobomatus asiaticus considered the new record from Iraq. Detail measurements of different body parts of female were given for the first time.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of addition two medical plants or their mixture on hematological, biochemical parameters, hormonal levels and milk microbiology of lactating Awassi ewes. Twenty-eight ewes at mid lactation were divided into four groups and fed rations containing 1% Gall oak, 2% Astragalus, 0.5 Gall oak + 1% Astragalus, and Control. At biweekly intervals, blood samples were withdrawn. A bulk milk samples was collected for microbiological test under sterilized conditions. Results revealed that medicinal plants significantly influenced Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate being lowest in the Astragalus group. Ewes feed Mixture group had significantly hig

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field, Department of Field Crop Science - College of  Agriculture Abu-Ghraib- University of Baghdad, during summer season at 2012 and 2013, to determine the extent of the impact of Integrated Weed Management (IWM) By reducing herbicide use and re-distribution of plants as reflected on fiber quality characters of some cotton cultivars . A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plot was used with three replicates , included six weed control treatments as Main-plots where as Sub-plots included eight cotton cultivars. The results showed that treatments of weedfree achieved highest

A Field experiment was conducted at the experimental field ,Department of field Crop ,College of Agriculture /University of Baghdad during summer season 2014.In order to study the effect of plant spacings on growth yield and lint qualities. The study included two factors, the first was varieties (Coker 310 , Marsum 1, Lashata , Ashur and Abu Ghraib 5 ) as whole plots , The second factor was spacing between plants with three level (20 , 25 and 30) cm as sub plots, Using complete randomized block design under split plots with four replications. The results showed significant differences between varieties in most  studied characteristic. Coker 310 gave highest average for seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield, 1457.00 and 439

The experiment was carried out at the farm of field of Crops Department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 seasons to study the effect of boron elements and ethephon on some growth characteristics and the yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Abu Ghraib-3 var. A split plot arrangement according to RCBD was used with four replications. The boron spray with three concentrations (50, 75 and 100) mg B.L^-1 in addition to control treatment (without boron) as a main plots, and the second factor was soaking of wheat seed with concentrations level of ethephon (1500, 2500 and 3500) mg.L^-1 in addition to control treat

Three identically designed systems named designate as MFC-CW, CW1,and CW2 were constructed and setup in this study for simultaneous biotreatment of real petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) and bioelectricity generation. The three systems were planted with emergent wetland plant of Canna indica. These systems were operated simultaneously in a single batch mode to identify the dominant mechanism for organics removal from PRW. The operation period for each cycle was 8 days.  Results demonstrated that maximum removal efficiency of the organic content represented as chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 96.5%, 89.3%, and 91%

This study was aimed to identify dermatophytic selective isolate using PCR technique as a rapid molecular assay. The results of this study showed among 60 samples of patients suffering from ringworm  disease. forty isolates (66%) were Trichophyton  mentagrophytes  which diagnosed as dermatophytosis according to morphological and cultural methods. In order to investigate the ability of isolates to keratin analyses using solid medium supplemented with keratin azure , the results revealed that 20 isolates appeared best ability to keratin analysis and nine isolates had best ability for keratinase production in submerged culture.

This research dealt with study of cladistics taxonomy of  five  species related to the genus Rumex L. and Polygonum L. from family polygonaceae in Iraq by using Mesquite software V.2.75. This  research support strongly delimiting  the species P. aviculare L. and P. lapathifolia L.as suggested in floras publication while R. dentatus L. is setted in single group whereas R. vesicarius L. and R. conglomeratus Murray were included in the same group. Also, this study involved characteristics of shape, dimensions, color, and ornamentation of seeds and fruits as  the seed forms were ranging from lenticular to trigonous. In terms of si

A band combination (542) has been adopted and applied as a new method to classify the Iraqi marshes regions which they are located in the southern of Iraq using Landsat-5 TM scene. The results of proposed band combination were compared to the standard band combinations which they are selected to classify scene classes (541, 543 and 742). In addition, the results reveal that the standard band combinations are failed to discriminate between the scene classes that due to the aquatic nature of the scene, which makes the spectral response of the different classes very close, thus, they miss-classify the scene. Furthermore, the green band which was used in the proposed band combination enhanced the spectral response to discrimination b

This study was aimed to investigat the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic on the egg production, suitable egg, unsuitable egg and uniformity reread at deferent stock density. A total of 600 broiler breeder Ross 308 (540 female and 60 male) was used in this study for a period of 48 -64 weeks at two levels of stocking density (normal and high stock density). For each stock density birds were fed diet either control diet (T1), standard diet + 0.15g probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces cervisiae) powder/ kg diet (

Twelve new born Karadi lambs were docked within 3 days of their birth using rubber-rings, and left with their mothers till weaning (2.5 months). Another 12 weaned Karadi lambs obtained from local market were left intact. Following an adaptation period of a week, the docked and intact lambs with an average initial weight of 16.83±1.522 and 19.92± 0.748kg were randomly divided into three equal groups to be slaughtered at 20, 30 and 40kg. Results revealed that overall means of daily gain in weight, dressing percentage based on slaughter and empty body weight, rib eye area and fat thickness were 0.261±0.014kg, 45.956±0.428%, 53.933±0.678%, 11.288±0.488cm² and 2.023±0.76mm, respectiv

This study was designed for the molecular diagnosis and assessment of histopathological changes of ORF infection in sheep and goats in Basra governorate in Iraq. The virus was detected by using -polymerase chain reaction. The samples were taken from the skin of the lips of animals infected with contiguous ecthema. Hundred samples taken from the sheep and 100 samples from goats of suspected animals, the results of the molecular diagnosis showed that 76 (76%) of sheep were infected and 71 (71%) of goats were infected by diagnosing the partial of ORFV037 gene (173bp), and ORFV039 (703bp), the sequences were determined and recorded in the NCBI and drawn the phylogenetic tree. The results of histopat