Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is a nutritious vegetable that grown all over the world. It is a promising herbal plant, rich in bioactive components. It is considered as medicinal plant due to its nutritional and phytochemical composition, especially high proportion of phenolic compounds. The primary aim of this study was to achieve chemical profile analyses of artichoke for different phytochemcials, especially Scolymoside and Cynaroside. Methanolic crude was extracted from Artichoke leaves by rotary evaporator and separated by column chromatography. The fractions monitored by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and identified in High-Pressure Liquid Chroma

This study was aimed to investigate the genetic variability of 26 rice genotypes and evaluation at two locations in Sulaimani governorate, Gaba and Chawtan which were completely different in their environmental condition during the season of 2019. The performances of the genotypes were analyzed at both locations as well as the average of both. Simple coefficients of correlation were used to assess the grain yield components and their relationships. Path analysis was used to determine the direct and indirect effects of such components on grain yield plant^-1. The genotypes were grouped based on the agro-morphological features using cluster analysis. Almost all of the traits at both locat

The current study aimed to determine the effect of adding mixture of dried dill (Anethum gravelens) powder at levels 0.2 % with yogurt to the quail diet on the productive and physiological characteristics of male and female quails. The experimental birds were divided into four treatments, and each treatment was divided into three replicates, with 8 birds for each replicate. The results showed a significant superiority of quail birds in the fourth treatment in the body weight at 42 days (210.08±3.34 g/bird), carcass weight (125.50±1.9 g/bird), highest value of HDL (14.50 ± 0.33 mg/dL) and the number of white blood cells (123.21 ± 5.66100/µL). While the birds of the second treatment excelled in the hemoglobin ratio in

This study aimed to investigate the taxonomical relationship among eight species belonging to Asteraceae based on natural products as fresh leaves of eight species (Carthamus tinctorius L., Centaurea iberica Trevir. ex Spreng., Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist, Launaea mucronata (Forssk.) Muschl., Senecio glaucus L., Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, and Sonchus tenerrimus L.) have been collected from different regions of Baghdad. The phytochemical screening of hexane extracts from eight plants showed different se

The aim of this study is to investigate the economic feasibility of paper recycling factories in Iraq by studying the technical, marketing and financial feasibility to establish a paper-recycling factory in Najaf Governorate and to show the importance of these projects in achieving sustainable efficiency as well as achieving economic efficiency. The expected investment and operating costs were estimated and then the economic profitability criteria were adopted in addition to conducting a sensitivity analysis and determining the break-even amount. The research hypothesis was proven, which confirms that there is an economic, an environmental and marketing feasibility for paper waste recycling projects, as it was found that the proj

This study was aimed to determine the composition of essential oil contained in Viola odorata flowers and leaves. As well as assessing the cytotoxic effects of this oil on cancer cells and its antioxidant properties. A GC-Mass analysis was conducted to reveal essential oil components in flowers and leaves. For testing the antioxidant capacity of flowers and leaves oil, DPPH (1,1 Dyphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), resazurin dye, and hydroxyl were used. An in vitro study was conducted using lung cancer (A549) and breast normal (MCF-10) cell lines with concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 µl/ml of V. odorata L. essential oil.   According to the results, essential oils de

Both chitin and deacylated form of chitosan are considered the second most biopolymer available in nature after cellulose. Chitin and chitosan have an economic value related to their industrial, biological and biomedical applications. In this study, chitin was extracted from of Iraqi carp fish scales (Cyprinus carpio L.) and then deacylated into the chitosan. The obtained samples have been distinguished through Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA).  The FTIR analysis for chitin showed the characteristic spectra at 1541 cm^-1 and 1647 cm^-1 associated to N-H bending vibration and C=O stretching vibration respectively. Thus, the FTIR spectra of chito

Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant public health problem because it is capable of forming biofilms that may be responsible for the survival of this pathogen in the hospital environment. The aim of this study is to determine the role of (OmpA, CsuE) genes in biofilm production among A. baumannii isolates. A total of 100 clinical isolates of bacteria were collected from a different sources.  All isolates were identified by biochemical test, specific selective media (CHROMagar) and polymerase chain reaction by detection presence of (blaOXA51) gene. only 60 isolates were diagnosed as A. baumannii, and to determine the biofilm production capacit

Candida albicans is an universal fungi, belong to the phylum Ascomycota, the infection caused by Candida albicans is called candidiasis. The study aimed to evaluate the Syzygium aromaticum extract as antifungal activity and fungicidal against C.albicans. Furthermore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was performed to determine active components of clove oil which indicated the presence of eugenol (41.24%), followed by caryophyllene (18.36%) . The disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration was done to evaluate the anti-candidal activity of different S.arom

 The experiment was carried out to study some engineering factors for a locally manufactured machine, It cuts agricultural residues to make animal feed , in the workshops of the Agricultural Engineering Department/Faculty of Agriculture/Ain Shams University for the academic year 2021-2022. The effect of three-speed knives cutting speed (1000,1200,1400 rpm) and three-speed feeding speed (0.75,1,1.25 m/s) and the knife cutting angle with two angles (15°.30°) was studied at a knife clearance of 2.5 mm and a moisture content of 5.3%. With an electronic system with sensors to operate the machine and without. Among the technical indicators that have been studied are productivity, cutting power consumption, speci

This study was conducted in the Plant Protection Department-College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad for the period 2021-2022 with the aim of isolating and identification the pathogens that cause root rot and wilt disease on the Catharanthus roseus plant in different regions of Baghdad by morphological and molecular methods using PCR technique dependence on the ITS region. The results of sampling collection showed the spread of root rot and wilt disease on C. roseus plant in all the regions covered by the study in Baghdad (Al-Gurayat, Al-Sidiyah, Al-Khadhra, Al-Ghazaliya and

This study was conducted using two different varieties of milk thistle, var. marianum, and var. albiflorum. The plant samples were collected from the Sulaimani region to determine silymarin content, bioactive constituents, and antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis showed that var. marianum contains a high amount of silymarin (365.680±3.815 mg/g). Silybin B, Silychristin A, and Silybin A were the major flavonolignans in these varieties—the var. marianum contains silybins B, silychristin A, and silybin A (174.880±6.495, 86.720±2.113, and 54.960±2.483 mg/g) respectively. The hexane extract analysis of milk thistle seeds of the marianum and albiflorum varieties identified 26 (

A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of three factors, the first was biofertilization with four types (without addition, combination of A.brasilense + A. chroococcum combination of G.mosseae + T. harzianum, and combination of the two previous combinations), The second factor four types of organic fertilizer(without adding,vermicompost ,Orgevit, a combination of the two previous organic fertilizers),and the third factor mineral fertilizer with two levels (0% and 50%) of the fertilizer recommendation in addition to the full fertilizer recommendation treatment (second comparison).RCBD was used with three replications. The results showed that the triple interaction of the biofertilization

A Factorial experiment of CRD was conducted, to study and evaluate the effectiveness of Calcite, Bentonite, and Kaolinite minerals, as well as organic matter, on adsorption and desorption of Pb and Cd. Bentonite and kaolinite clay minerals were treated by adding of 20 % calcite and 5 % organic matter of the weight of the mineral, so that the final weight became 100 g per treatment. Treatments were incubated for 180 days after that, and treated with five concentrations of Pb and Cd, (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 μg ml^-1) as PbCl₂ and CdSo₄ respectively, The results showed the superiority of bentonite mineral over kao

This research was performed during the 2021 seasons in private orchard located in Bara-Bhar-Duhok governorate to study the effect of soil application of chemical and Nano-NPK, foliar spray with chelated Nano-Zinc and their interaction on vegetative growth of Taifi and Kamali grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.). NPK (20:20:20) was added to the soil at five levels (0, 216 g.vine^-1, 324 g.vine^-1 chemical NPK, 3.24 and 6.48 g.vine^-1 Nano-NP (, chelated Nano-Zinc was added at three concentration (0, 100 and 200 mg.l^-1). The results showed the superiority of the Taifi cultivar in traits of number of leaves per vine,

This study was aimed to identify the basic principles and design considerations (cultural and natural) that can be relied upon in the urban landscape design for vertical residential complexes in Baghdad city. The descriptive and analytical approach was followed to collect and extract the data for urban green spaces of Al-Salhia residential complex within Baghdad city that based on six tools for data collection and analysis which were: field survey, climatic factors analysis, urban fabric analysis, personal interviews, cultural factors analysis, and questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of the people and specialists from Al-Salhia complex residents. After collecting the forms, the data was gathered by

This study aimed to investigation was carried out to evaluate the performance and product emission of four cylinder 4- stroke water cooled  direct injection (DI) diesel engine fueled by permanent magnet exposed diesel fuel compared with diesel fuel (DF). Three levels of magnet field intensity were used including  Diesel fuel exposer to 3000 Gauss (DG3), Diesel fuel exposer to 5000 Gauss (DG5) and Diesel fuel exposer to 9000 Gauss (DG9)  fuel respectively. Permanent magnetic device was employed and installed on fuel line before interring high pressure fuel injection pump . The engine run at constant speed 1500rpm(revolution per minute) and loaded by two levels 4.5 kW and 9 kW represented as L1and L2 respectively. Re

The aim of this research is to add various quantities of organic selenium with or without α-tocopherol to support growth and reduce oxidative stress. A total of 168 fingerlings of common carp Cyprinus carpio with an average weight of 31±2 g/fish were distributed in 24 glass aquariums. Fish were fed on eight different experimental diets, including a control, and a diet that contains 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8 mg/kg of organic selenium (2nd, 3rd and 4th diets) respectively. The fifth, sixth and seventh diets contained the same amounts of organic selenium with 300 mg/kg of α-tocopherol, but only α-tocopherol was added to the eighth diets. The results of a statistical analysis found that the use o

The present study aimed to evaluate the role of kaolin on hematological and biochemical profiles of common carp, Cyprinus carpio infected with Aeromonas hydrophila, A total of 180 of common carp were collected 40 g ; 60 fish were used to determine the median lethal dose LD₅₀ of A. hydrophila, )LD₅₀ was 1.57 × 10⁶ CFU/ml) for 15 days.  120 fish were randomly distributed into six treatment groups (10 fish/treatment in duplicate) as follows:  C- served as control negative group (without infection and treatment); C+ act as control positive group (infected with A. hydrophila but not treatment with Kaolin); T1, T2, T3 and T

This study aimed to identify the impact of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-contaminated diet on growth performance and histopathological changes of the kidney and muscle tissues in Cyprinus carpio . A total of 300 fish with an average of weight 45±5 g, were randomly distributed into 15 plastic tanks, and were divided into five experimental groups; (group 1) served as control , fish fed  normal diet without solvent and AFB1, (group 2) positive control fish were fed with only solvent, and (groups 3-5) fish were fed diets containing 0.5, 1 and 2 mg AFB1/kg of feed, respectively. Results showed the negative effect for AFB1 on weight gain, average daily gain of fish. Histopathological changes of kidney and muscles

The objective of this study is to improve the nutritional value of Culban Vicia peregrina using four different methods: soaking in water for 12 hours, cooking for 40 minutes, roasting for 15 minutes, and germination for 7 days to reduce the effects of anti-nutritional. For 56 days, soybean meal was utilized to replace the grains treated by the abovementioned procedures by 40% ( T3, T5  T7 and T9) and 20% (T4, T6 and T8) in the diets for common carp Cyprinus carpio L., as well as a control diet comprising 30% of soybean meal (T1). The results of the statistical analysis showed the superiority of the fed fish the T7 significantly (P≤ 0.05) in the criteria of TLW,TG and DWG. The fed fish outperformed the T4,

This study was aimed to investigate yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under six different environmental conditions E₁- E₆ including two sowing date S₁ and S₂ at three location (Qlyasan, Kanipanka, Chamchamal) in KIR using 10 barley cultivars (C), Numar, Rafidain, Al-warka, Al-Amal, IPPA 265, IPPA 99, Arivat (local), Samir, Qalay 1, and Ukraine (Common cultivated). Experiment was applied using to complete randomized blocks design. The stability analysis was done using the linear regression model. The differences between the means were compared through Duncan multiple range test. The results was re

A field experiment was carried out during spring and fall seasons of 2021 at the experimental field of Al-Hamidhyia research station -College of Agriculture - University of Anbar to investgate the effect of variety, soaking with atonik and seeding dates on yield and its components of sorghum. the experiment was carried out using RCBD, within split-split plots arrangement with 3 replications. The main plots included three seeding dates for spring season (15/3, 1/4 and 15/4) and three seeding dates for the fall season (1/7, 10/7 and 20/7), while sub plots included seeds soaking with three concentrations of Atonik(0, 2.5 and 5 mlL^-1), whereas the sub-sub plots included three varieties of Sorghum bicolor (Inqath, Lilo and

This study was aimed to identify the types of aerobic bacteria in individuals with gangrene. Among 106 swabs from the site of gangrene in diabetic individuals, the percentage of females was 37 (34.99%), and a male was 69 (65.1%). The highest percentage at age group 46-55 year was in male (33.33%) and 24.32% in females, while the lowest percentage at 15-25 year in female was (5.41%) while in male was zero. The mean age was 54 years among males and females. Out of 106 swabs, 76 different types of bacteria were isolated. The Gram-positive bacteria were dominant 42 (55.3%), the most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (57.1%), and the lowest was M

This study was aimed to determine the optimum conditions of urease extracted from different plant sources and evaluate its biochemical properties. Eighteen types of plants commonly used namely Tomato, Chickpea, Sesame, Mustard, Lebbeck, Watermelon, Soybean, Cotton, Male Iraqi berries, Female Iraqi berries, Indian berries, Pumpkin, Muskmelon, Legumes, Cowpea, Radish, Pisum and Phaseolus were taken and tested for the presence and activity of urease. Cotton (Gossypium barbadense) was selected as the plant source with highest specific enzymatic activity among them (2.51 U/mg protein) when extracted the enzyme after ground seeds using 0.15 M of tris base buffer pH 8.5 at a ratio 1:10 (w:v) fo

 The research aimed to study the effect of natural and nano zinc oxide on some growth parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio. Seven treatments were used, including the control without any addition, the second, third and fourth treatments by adding nano-zinc oxide at concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg feed, respectively, and the fifth, sixth and seventh treatments by adding natural zinc oxide in the same concentrations above. The results showed that the fourth treatment was superior to the traits of the total weight gain, daily growth rate, relative and specific growth rate over the other treatments, which is an indication that the fis

This research investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial efficacy of Ipomoea pes-caprae extracts collected from Pantai Talang Siring Pamekasan, Madura. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins in the extracts, indicating their rich bioactive profile. Antioxidant activity assessed via the DPPH assay demonstrated concentration-dependent scavenging of free radicals, with methanol and ethanol extracts exhibiting superior activity compared to the aqueous extract. Antibacterial assays against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus revealed significant inhibitory effects, with methan

This study was aimed to testing 25 genotypes (5 parents + 10 diallel + 10 reciprocal crosses) using full Diallel mating design in winter season 2021-2022 for F₂ generation of common wheat, in two locations. The first was in Qlyasan Agricultural Research Station, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences; University of Sulaimani located (Lat 35° 34′; N, Long 45° 21′; E, 765 MASL), the second was in Koya Agricultural Station-Ministry of Agricultural (Lat 36° 04′; N, Long 44° 37′; E, 582 MASL). The results of the study confirmed that the mean squares of genotypes was highly significant for all characters in both locations, the same for the mean squares for gca with the exception of grain weight plant^-1

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of propolis [(crud propolis and Water Ethanol Extract Propolis (WEEP)] as feed additive on biochemical and immunological in common carp Cyprinus carpio challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 60 C. carpio, (75±10g) were randomly stocked into five treated groups in duplicate as follows: control group (C) fish were fed basal diet without any addition of propolis; T1 fish were fed basal diet supplemented with 10g/kg crud propolis; T2, T3 and T4 fish were fed WEEP at concentrations of 2g, 4g and 8 g/kg diet.Results indicated that The highest albumin content was found in T1 which showed a significant increase (P≤0.5) compared to C+

The current study was aimed to ascertain the impact of ciprofloxacin, an acidifier acid, and a Bacillus subtilis on immunological function and growth efficiency after a starter-phase challenge with Salmonella pullorum. 250 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were put into five groups of fifty each, all groups except the fifth group, orally challenged with S. pullorum at one day old, and provided with a supplement in drinking water after three days as follow G1: treated with B. subtilis (2×10⁷ CFU/g) (250 g/1000 L). G2: treated with acidifier acid (0.5-1 ml/L). G3: treated with ciprofloxacin 10% (0.5 ml/L). G4: only infected with S. pullorum. G5: control negative. Th