Breast cancer is one of the comments malignant tumors worldwide especially in Iraq; it is a leading cause of death in Iraqi women. Determination of estrogen and progesterone receptors status is helpful in selecting the patients most likely to receive benefit from endocrine therapy, and provide prognostic information on recurrence and survival since their expression is related to the degree of the tumor differentiation. From November 2012 to March 2013, 150 breast cancer patients at Al-Amal Hospital in Baghdad were attended to start treatment of disease for the first time. All patients included in this study did not receive chemotherapy. Patients were asked to bring their paraffin embedded tissue blocks to participate in estrogen, progest

This study deals with formation models of gypsum barrier, chemical temporal changes, and assessments of the Sawa Lake within the Al- Muthanna province, Southern Iraq, it is a very important issue to find the water quality and water assessments of this lake. Eleven water samples are collected from Sawa Lake. Many scientific concepts are used such as major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+), major anions (SO4=,Cl-,HCO3- and CO3=) with minor anions ( PO43-, NO3-) and H2S . Trace elements (Pb, Cd, Zn, As, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Fe, As, Sr And B) and bacterial test were analyzed in each sample. Total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH and temperature (T) were directly measured in the field. The equilibrium state between the conce

The effect of toxoplasmosis infection on liver and kidney functions among pregnant women in Abo-Gharib District- Iraq was studied. Forty women that had positive test for toxoplasmosis by ELISA test were participated in this study. Also control group of apparently healthy women was selected (ten total women). This group had negative test for toxoplasmosis (ELISA test). The venous blood was collected from each patient and control individual to obtain serum. Liver function was evaluated by the estimation of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT/ GPT) and serum alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activities. Kidney function was evaluated by the estimation of serum creatinine and urea concentrations by the enz

The resistivity survey was carried out by using vertical electrical sounding (VES) and 2D imaging techniques in the northern Badra area, Eastern Iraq. Eleven VES points distributed on two parallel profiles and six 2D imaging stations were applied using long survey lines.
In general, two types of aquifers are recognized in the study area. The first is the Quaternary aquifer, which appears in all geological sections and inverse model of 2D imaging stations (2DS).This aquifer can be divided into upper and lower aquifers as shown in (2DS1), (2DS3), and (2DS4). Generally, the thickness of this aquifer ranges between (30-200 m) which occurs at a depth of (10-30m) according to geological sections, while its thickness ranges between (35-180m)

In this study, only four isolates produce CNF1 from 76 isolatesof uropathogenic Escherichia coli.cnf1 gene was detected by using PCR technique, while cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1(CNF1) was determined by Immunoblotting assay.

The groundwater evaluation has been carried out in Khanaqin area in Diyala governorate to the east of Iraq. The analyzed hydrochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids as well as cations and anions are used to describe groundwater quality and its suitability for different purposes. The study area covers (1920) km². According to hydrogeological investigation (43) water points were inventoried and water levels in wells were measured. (34) Wells were sampled during 2013-2014 during water surplus and water deficit periods. The studied area is divided groundwater aquifers into two main units, the unconfined and confined aquifers. The values of pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolve

Mechanical Engineering Department/ University of Technology- Baghdad.

Confinement layer is considered as the most important parameter during the laser shock peening (LSP) treatment.  In this paper, its effect on the surface treatment effectivity of composite materials was investigated. The composite used in this research was fabricated using hand lay-up as a manufacturing process. The matrix material was built from unsaturated polyester resin and reinforced with 2.5% volume fraction of micro particles of aluminum powder. Fatigue test was conducted at room temperature with constant amplitude stress and a stress ratio of R =-1, before and after LSP treatment. LSP was applied with and without confinement layer at the same level

We examine the integrability in terms of Painlevè analysis for several models of higher order nonlinear solitary wave equations which were recently derived by Christou. Our results point out that these equations do not possess Painlevè property and fail the Painlevè test for some special values of the coefficients; and that indicates a non-integrability criteria of the equations by means of the Painlevè integrability.

     The purpose of this paper is to introduce dual notions of two known concepts which are semi-essential submodules and semi-uniform modules. We call these concepts; cosemi-essential submodules and cosemi-uniform modules respectively. Also, we verify that these concepts form generalizations of two well-known classes; coessential submodules and couniform modules respectively. Some conditions are considered to obtain the equivalence between cosemi-uniform and couniform. Furthermore, the relationships of cosemi-uniform module with other related concepts are studied, and some conditional characterizations of cosemi-uniform modules are investigated.

Normally, bacteria exposed to antibiotics at sub minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) inside the host. Therefore, the current study aimed to comprehend the association among hemolysins, biofilm, as well as gentamicin resistance in local MRSA isolates. Around 35 Staphylococcus aureus locally isolated from different clinical specimens were employed in this study. Methicillin resistance was detected via cefoxitin disk diffusion and mecA amplification methods. MIC of gentamicin was estimated by broth microdilution method. Hemolysin genes involving hla, hlb, hld, and hlg were determined using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Microtiter plate method was employed for biofilm assessment

Fullerene thin films of about 200 nm thicknesses have been deposited by thermal evaporation method on soda lime glass at substrate temperature 303 and 403K under pressure about 10^-5 mbar. This study concentrated on the influence of substrate temperature on the optical properties of C₆₀ thin films within the visible range. Optical characterization has been carried out at room temperature using the absorption spectra, at normal incidence, in range (200-900) nm.

The absorption and extinction coefficients of the samples have been evaluated according to the variation in the UV- Visible spectrum. Increasing substrate temperature causes decreasing in optical band gap energy, for direct allowed tran

A new features extraction approach is presented based on mathematical form the modify soil ratio (MSR) and skewness for numerous environmental studies. This approach is involved the investigate on the separation of features using frequency band combination by ratio to estimate the quantity of these features, and it is exhibited a particular aspect to determine the shape of features according to the position of brightness values in a digital scenes, especially when the utilizing the skewness. In this research, the marginal probability density function G(MSR) derivation for the MSR index is corrected, that mentioned in several sources including the source (Aim et al.). This index can be used on original input features space for three diffe

In this study, the optimum conditions for chitin deacetylase (CDA) production by Aspergillus flavus F1 in solid-state fermentation were investigated via two optimization strategies: classical optimization based on the method of one factor at a time and statistical optimization using response surface methodology. The result of classical optimization showed that corn supplemented with 2% chitin moisturized with mineral salts solution at pH=7 and five days of incubation time were the optimum conditions for increasing CDA production with approximately yield of 219.5 U/g solid substrate. Furthermore, pH, moisture level and inoculum size were systemically evaluated to improve CDA production based on a central composite design using the Design

Unplanned residential expansion into agricultural areas has been driven by factors like population growth, internal displacement, and expensive housing options. This article presents the Baghdad Houses detection dataset. The dataset includes 1627 manually annotated images of the Dorra area in Baghdad, along with bounding box annotations that define houses in the satellite image. This dataset will be used by deep learning algorithms to understand and analyze human population expansion by detecting the spread of houses in the newly developed area in the boundaries of Baghdad (object detection). After the training and evaluation process, the chosen algorithms were able to detect houses and visualize residential expansion with a reasonable d

Lagrange points are points where the gravity of two large celestial bodies does not affect a third body, usually smaller, making its motion follow the motion of the two large bodies. There are five points relative to the Earth, the Sun, and any third body, such as a satellite or a spacecraft. Three essential points are usually symbolized as L1, L2, and L3. This research aims to calculate the best date in 2025 for the satellite to transition from the GTO orbit to the L2 Lagrange point, another transition station to transfer the satellite from (L2) to the Mars orbit. A program was designed in MATLAB to calculate the best date 2025 for the satellite to transition from the Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) to the L2 Lagrange point during a

    Bacillariophytes or well known as Diatoms, are single-celled microalgae, identified by their unique characteristic siliceous cell walls, which are well preserved in sediment as a microfossil. Diatom abundance represented the environmental condition when they lived. Balekambang Lake is one of many small lakes in Dieng; it has a unique characteristic: floating soil. The problem in  Baekambang Lake is the shrinkage part of the lake area due to the sedimentation rate form the hill around with potato farming. This study aims to analyse the community of surface diatoms and water quality of Balekambang Lake, Dieng. The surface sediment samples were collected from five different sites; then, the digestion, preparation, an

Automated software defect prediction (ASDP) is a fundamental and vital action in the software progress domain. Nevertheless, software as a contemporary system is integrally huge and complex, with several associated metrics that capture diverse aspects of software components. Such a huge associated metrics number renders building a Software Defect (SD) prediction (SDP) model so complex. Therefore, selecting and identifying a metrics subset that enhances the SDP performance of the method is imperative. The chief goal of the current work is to build an ASDP (SDP) tool and assess its performance. The SDP tool calculates significant software (CK) metrics that measure code characteristics, for evaluating software quality and anticipating issue

The ligand 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl dihydrogen borate (L) was synthesized through a 1:1 molar reaction between vanillin and boric acid. Additionally, the synthesis of metal complexes of L with Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) was also described. All the synthesized compounds were described using spectroscopic methods like that FT-IR, ¹H NMR, UV-VIS. Also thermal analysis (TG),atomic absorption (AAS), elemental microanalysis (C.H.N), melting point (m.p.), magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity and chloride measurements. The experiments determined that all the complexes were non-ionic compounds that did not dissociate into ions in solution. Additionally, the proposed molecular structures of these complexes were found to be octahe

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a notorious pathogenic bacterium, armed with multiple virulence factors, and is commonly associated with pneumonia infections. One of the virulence factors helps K. pneumonia to cause many diseases and escape immune system and antimicrobial effect is biofilm construction. Therefore, the overall aim was to investigate the genic profile for K. pneumonia that formed and non-formed biofilm. The result revealed that around half of the isolates did not form biofilm and this may because luxS gene was present in only two isolates forming biofilm and absent in others while fimH genes were absent in all other isolates. K. pneumonia isolates were sensitive to green tea,

In recent years, the graph-based approach has become increasingly popular for modeling real-world data because graphs represent a wide variety of data, such as social networks and trajectory mining. In this paper, we propose a Weighted Adjacency Matrix (WAM) for constructing a graph based on edges from the features of each trajectory and a vertex from the frame number. In trajectory mining, finding objects that have similar patterns of motion is a common data analysis; thus, selecting effective algorithms is necessary for grouping information and showing trajectories as graphs. A new algorithm is proposed to calculate Graph Trajectory Similarity (GTS) between two trajectories of graphs, the Nodes Similarity Function (NSF). The NSF is int

In this work, metal oxides [Y₂O₃\La₂O₃] nanoparticles were synthesized using a green method with ashwagandha extract, which served as a reducing agent. This extract also catalyzed the polymerization of poly methylmetha acrylate, resulting in the formation of nanocomposites [PMMA\Y₂O₃\La₂O₃]. The morphology, size, and structures of the synthesized nanocomposites were determined and characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), tested by antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. To confirm the design of nanoc

In this study, compound [A], an oxime derivative, was synthesized through the reaction of 4-aminoacetophenone with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, using sodium acetate as a catalyst. Subsequently, Schiff bases [A1-A3] were prepared by reacting compound [A] with various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of glacial acetic acid. Acid derivatives containing oxazolidinone ring [A4- A6] were synthesized from the reaction of Schiff bases [A1- A3] with chloroacetic acid. The resulting compounds [A4-A6] reacted with thionyl chloride to produce the corresponding acid chloride [A7-A9]. Polyesters [A10-A12] were produced by reacting polyvinyl alcohol with compounds [A7-A9]. All prepared compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy FTIR and

In the present work, by employing the differential subordination notion and Darweesh-Atshan-Battor operator, we investigate third-order of sandwich-type theorems for the p-valent of analytic functions.

Soliton generation in microresonator is studied numerically using the Lugiato-Lefever equation (LLE). Optically induced effects, duration, and shape are studied via the adaptive split-step Fourier method (SSFM). It investigates how the microresonator affects the evolution of the optical field in cases of nonlinearity, dispersion, slow time, and fast time. A study is done on the optical frequency comb produced and the frequency domain dynamics of the microresonator. The generated soliton wave was a dispersive soliton. The study shows that the soliton generation and its properties depend strongly on the parameters included in this study.

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of the administration of levothyroxine (T4), insulin-like growth factor-1, zinc, selenium, and vitamin B12 for 2 months to methimazole-induced hypothyroid adult male Wistar albino eight-week-old rats weighing 180–250 gm were bought from the Ilam Lab of Animals and n=8 was for each group. The thyroid hormones, thyroid stimulating hormone, and ultrastructure of follicular cells by transmission electron microscope were compared between the control group and 7 groups of hypothyroid rats treated with T4, insulin-like growth factor-1, T4 + insulin-like growth factor-1, T4+zinc, T4+selenium, T4+ selenium, and T4+zinc +selenium + vitamin B12, respectively. The hypothyroid rats displayed a si

This research explores advanced methodologies in restaurant sales forecasting, focusing on a dataset from a Middle Eastern-based chain. It integrates machine learning algorithms and recurrent neural networks (RNN), including ARIMA, SARIMA, and LSTM models, to predict future sales trends accurately. Initial analysis includes various regression models to identify optimal sales prediction models, with Random Forest emerging as the top performer with an r2_score of 0.999895. The study emphasizes the importance of accurate sales forecasting in optimizing resource allocation, inventory management, and strategic decision-making for restaurant operations. Data preprocessing techniques such as missing value handling and feature selection ensure r

Increasing the exposure time of radio wave radiation to human tissues is an important factor affecting the SAR (the specific absorption rate) values. This leads to the question of whether overlapping or interfering with electromagnetic waves has a negative impact on our health. Specific absorption rates (SAR) were calculated for the multilayered model of a human head model through different exposure times (30 min, 45 min, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, and 2 hours) at radio wave frequencies of 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz emitted from the mobile phones with planer inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and planar monopole antenna. The electromagnetic wave equation was solved using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD). Different physical phenomena (penetration

Two varieties of halal soaps—body and laundry—were developed by incorporating various types of clays to effectively cleanse severe najis (impurities) in adherence to Islamic principles. Four clays-kaolin, white clay, bentonite, and clay loam, were tested individually at concentrations ranging from 5% to 20% w/w. Selection of the optimal formulation was based on physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics. The results indicated that a 20% w/w concentration of kaolin clay was the most suitable for both soap types. At this composition, the soap provided an appropriate pH, strong foam production, and foam stability, meeting most requirements for industrial soap standards. Both body and laundry soaps enriched with kaolin received high

The objective of this study is to investigate and determine the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in wastewater, before and after treatment, and the prevalence of E. coli strains capable of producing biofilms. Nineteen E. coli isolates were isolated from the inputs and outputs samples of AL-Rustamiya Sewage Treatment Plant on AL-Rusafa side (STP1) and the old AL-Karkh STP on AL-Karkh side (STP2). Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using VITEK-2, and isolates' ability to form biofilm was evaluated. According to the resistance level of STP1 and STP2, multiple drug resistance (MDR) was found 100% and 75% ,respectively,  of output isolates. Extensive Drug Resistance (XDR) was found in STP1 (poss