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Calculating heterogeneity of Majnoon Field/Hartha Reservoir using Lorenz Coefficient method
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Abstract<p>One of the principle concepts to understand any hydrocarbon field is the heterogeneity scale; This becomes particularly challenging in supergiant oil fields with medium to low lateral connectivity and carbonate reservoir rocks.</p><p>The main objectives of this study is to quantify the value of the heterogeneity for any well in question, and propagate it to the full reservoir. This is a quite useful specifically prior to conducting detailed water flooding or full field development studies and work, in order to be prepared for a proper design and exploitation requirements that fit with the level of heterogeneity of this formation.</p><p>The main tool used for these purposes is the application of the famous Lorenz coefficient method for calculating the degree of heterogeneity for any well. The starting point for this kind of complicated studies needs to start from the basics, in order to understand the big picture and be able to plan properly for the scope to be delivered, hence, utilizing analytical tools like the ones mentioned above becomes quite necessary, if not crucial, to the success of full field modelling and choosing an optimum water flood pattern and design.</p><p>This paper covers the methodology for quantifying and calculating the level of heterogeneity in a given reservoir (Majnoon Field/Hartha Reservoir) using three out of four original wells of this reservoir, and how this value impacts and directly feeds into planning for water flooding projects and selection of an optimum flood pattern.</p><p>This methodology has been tested successfully in the stated super giant oil field, in which the reservoir in question is a carbonate rock formation. It is important to note that the chosen reservoir is giant areally with moderate thickness. An example of this is covered in the paper. It was concluded that utilizing a heterogeneity calculation method before conducting a detailed reservoir simulation study can save a lot of time and effort by providing guidance to the path which needs to be followed, and sheds light on the critical elements to be looked after. This has also helped to uncover many insights on the reservoir itself, hence allowing the engineer to plan for the necessary voidage replacement and water injection rates to sustain the reservoir pressure and pattern development.</p><p>The suggested method, in combination with geological and petro physical information available, can be applied to majority of the reservoirs. This combination is paramount to ensure optimum time and planning is followed for each reservoir development study that involves water flooding.</p>
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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Re-evaluation of Petro physical Properties in Yammama Formation at Nasiriya Field
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Nasiriya field is located about 38 Km to the north – west of Nasiriya city. Yammama, a giant lower cretaceous reservoir in Nasiriya field which is lithologically formed from limestone. Yammama mainly was divided into three main reservoir units YA, YB1, YB2 and YB3 and it is separated by impermeable layers of variable thickness. An accurate petro physical evolution of the reservoir is of great importance perform an excellent geological model so that four petro physical properties which are shale volume, porosity, water saturation and permeability was re-evaluated. The volume of shale was calculated using the density and neutron logs (VSH-DN) rather than using gamma ray log because of presence a uranium content in the formation that make

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Publication Date
Sun May 19 2024
Journal Name
Basrah Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
Investigation on Field Performance of Plowing and Harvesting Potatoes in Southern Baghdad
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This field experiment, was conducted to investigate a comparison of two methods for harvesting potatoes: mechanical and handy when using moldboard and chisel plow for primary tillage and three different distances for planting tubers in the rows 15, 25, and 35 cm in silt clay loam soil south of Baghdad. The factorial experiment followed a randomized complete block design with three replications using L.S.D. 5 % and 1 %. Mechanical harvest recorded the best valid potato tubers at 88.78 %, marketable yield of 31.74 ton. ha-1, efficiency lifted 95.68 %, tubers damage index 28.41, speeding up the harvesting process and reducing time and effort. Handy harvest gave the least damage to potato tubers, 6.02 %, and unlifted potato tubers, 4.32 %. Howe

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 16 2020
Journal Name
Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal
FIELD EMERGENCE IN PRIMED SEED OF SORGHUM CULTIVARS TO TOLERATE DROUGHT STRESS
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An experiment was carried out in pots under open field conditions in the fall seasons of 2017 and 2018 at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, for improving field emergence and drought stress tolerance in sorghum. Three factors were studied. 1st factor was three cultivars (Inqath, Rabeh and Buhoth70). 2nd factor was primed and unprimed seed. 3rd factor was represented by the irrigation intervals every 2, 4 and 6 days. Randomized complete block design with four replicates was used. The results showed that Buhoth 70 cultivar had a significant superiority compared to others in traits of the first and final count of emergence, emergence energy and emergence rate index (54.2%, 26.7%, 1.747 and 70.7 % d

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 18 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Anomaly in the earth magnetic field at north provinces of Najaf city
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This paper investigated in the numerical simulation model to calculate the Earth magnetic field components at north provinces of Najaf city (Longitude 44.316 o -44.3592o E and Latitude 32.0508o - 32.0256o N). The components of the Earth magnetic field (total intensity (F), horizontal intensity (H), declination (D), inclination (I), the north component(X), the east component(Y), and Down component(Z)) were found by using spherical harmonic world magnetic model (WMM2010). A great deal of anomaly has been discovered in all components of the Earth magnetic field at the selected region (Long. 44.345o-44.335o E, Lat.32.042o-32.032o N) using Kriging method.

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 14 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
FACTORS AFFECTING WOMEN’S USE OF ELECTRONIC MARKETING ON SOCIAL MEDIA : (Field Study)
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The research aims to determine the factors affecting the woman’s use of electronic marketing in social networking sites, and to know the extent of the sample’s use of social networking sites for electronic shopping purposes. The research tool used the questionnaire form that was designed in its final form after presenting it to the arbitrators and it included a set of questions and a five-Likert scale, and used the spss statistical program to perform the statistical operations that were laid out in tables showing the frequencies, percentages and percentages Salary, mean, standard deviation, and correlation using the Spearman correlation coefficient, the Ka2 square test, the F test, the Alpha Cronbach test, and arrived at Searching to

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 30 2025
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Determination of petrophysical properties of Sadi Formation in Halfaya oil field, southern Iraq
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   This study aimed to evaluate the reservoir petrophysical properties (porosity, water saturation, and permeability) for optimal flow unit assessment within the Sadi Formation. Utilizing open hole logging data from five wells, the Sadi formation was divided into two rock units. The upper unit (A) is 45-50 meters thick, mainly consisting of limestone, mainly consisting of shaly limestone at the lower part. The lower unit (B) has a thickness of approximately 75-80 meters and is primarily composed of limestone, further subdivided into three subunits (B1, B2, B3). The average water resistivity is 0.04 ohm-m, and the average mud filtrate resistivity is 0.06 ohm-m. The Pickett plot was utilized to determine Archie parameters (tortuosit

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Influence of grid-orientation effect on modeling of Iraqi oil field: case studies
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Abstract<p>Reservoir simulation models are utilized by oil and gas companies with a purpose to develop fields. Expansions and improvements in simulation software have lessened the time to develop a model. Simulating the reservoir aims to realize fluid flow, physical, and chemical procedures happening in a hydrocarbon reservoir adequately well for the reason of improving hydrocarbon recovery under various working stipulations. Grid-orientation effects are complicated problem in numerical reservoir simulation. These influences were coming when utilized of numerical utilization mechanism to conditions characterizing physically inconstant displacement procedure. These impacts happen in an assortment</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Kuwait Journal Of Science
The effect of magnetic field variations on the spectral properties of tornado plasma
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At atmospheric pressure and at a frequency of 9.1 kHz, a constructed magnetically stabilized tornado gliding arc discharge (MSGAD) system was utilized in this study to generate a non-thermal plasma with an alternating voltage source from 2,4,6,8 to 10 kV. Argon gas was used to generate the arc plasma with an adjustable flow rate using a flow meter regulator to stabilize the gas flow rate to 2 L/min. A gliding plasma discharge is achieved by a magnetic field for the purpose of a planned investigation. The influence of the magnetically stabilized tornado gliding arc discharge parameters such as magnetic field and applied voltage on microscopic tornado plasma parameters was studied. The electron temperature1was measured using a Boltzmann plot

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Open Engineering
Field tests of grouted ground anchors in the sandy soil of Najaf, Iraq
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Abstract<p>This article presents test results documentation for four grouted ground anchors embedded in sandy soil. Three anchors were trial, while one was a working anchor. One trial anchor is instrumented with eight resistance-type strain gauges glued on the corrugated pipe and embedded within the grouted body. An acceptance test was made for all anchors to determine the working load. Acceptance criteria suggested by the Post-Tensioning Institute were applied, and the working anchor did not pass the creep criterion, so it was taken out of service. The strain measurements indicated that the compression stresses were generated along the free length, while the tension stresses were generated alon</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison Between Nelson-Olson Method and Two-Stage Limited Dependent Variables (2SLDV ) Method for the Estimation of a Simultaneous Equations System (Tobit Model)
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This study relates to  the estimation of  a simultaneous equations system for the Tobit model where the dependent variables  ( )  are limited, and this will affect the method to choose the good estimator. So, we will use new estimations methods  different from the classical methods, which if used in such a case, will produce biased and inconsistent estimators which is (Nelson-Olson) method  and  Two- Stage limited dependent variables(2SLDV) method  to get of estimators that hold characteristics the good estimator .

That is , parameters will be estim

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