This study included collecting of 150 specimens of the Iraqi Bird Bulbule Pycnonotus lecuotis mesoptamiae (Pycnotidae , Passeriformes), from the 1st of November 2004 to 30th of October 2005 in the city of Baghdad and its suburbs, in concern of identifying the internal parasite of the digestive tract of these birds and studying the diseases resulted from the infection. The study showed that the bird Bulbule is Parasitized by Four types of Cestodes ,two of them are recorded in this kind of bird in Iraq for the first time ,Paradicranotinae anormalis and Haploparaxis sp. , and the other two are Raillietina tetragona and Allohymenolepsis sp. ,and by two types of Pin Worm(Trematode) that are identified for the first time in the Bird Bulbul , Mosesia Chordilesia and Plagiorchis sp. , Gross study showed that the oral cavity ,pharynx and esophagus had no pathological changes in all infected birds .The muscular stomach looked pale ,nearly brown and corroded ,while the mucosa had rottenness and decay in its grooves .The intestinal walls of the infected birds showed spherical ,small size, solid and rough knots and haemorrhgic bruises. some infected birds developed pale and large in size liver . Histological study showed no pathological changes in the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus of the infected birds. Chronic inflammations and rottenness has been detected in the glandular stomach and the musculae stomach.The villi of the small intestine of the infected birds appeared to have abnormal shapes, cracked and with lost details compared to the control, beside the hypertrophy of the enteric glandular layer. The caecae and the large intestine were healthy for all the examined birds. The study showed also the presence of common lesions in the same organ and other organs of the digestive tract of the same birds, chronic intestinal inflammation, villi atrophy and hypertrophy accompanied the muscular stomach, the liver and pancreatic inflammation for the same bird with the rate of (10.66%).
Effect of nano and micro SiO2 particles with different weight percent (2,4,6,8 and 10) %wt on the Interlaminar fracture toughness (GIc) of 16-plies of woven roving glass fiber /epoxy composites prepared by hand lay – up technique were investigated. The specimens were tested using DCB test (mode I).
Area method was used to compute the interlaminar fracture toughness. The results show that, GIc would increase with the increasing in the filler content, the main failure in microcomposites and nanocomposites was delamination in the layers, the delamination reduced with increasing in the filler content.
The effect of gamma radiation at the doses (0 , 5 , 10 or 15 ) Gray on the callus of four Triticum aestivum immature embryos genotypes (AL-Hashmiya , AL-Noor AL-Zahraa and AL-Mellad ) were studied . The fresh and dry weight for callus and shoot tips beside numbers and lengths of the shoots were used as indicators after 8 weeks . Results revealed that (AL-Noor and AL-Zahraa ) was superior by giving highest fresh and dry weight reached 274.2 and 269.2 mg and 26 and 24.3 mg respectively as compared with AL-Hashmiya and AL-Mellad. Moreover, the control treatment and the dose 10 Gray gave highest fresh weight reached 277.4 and 259.1 mg while the dry weight was highest in the control treatment and the dose 5 Gray. addition 10 Gra
... Show MoreA dynamic analysis method has been developed to investigate and characterize embedded delamination on the dynamic response of composite laminated structures. A nonlinear finite element model for geometrically large amplitude free vibration intact plate and delamination plate analysis is presented using higher order shear deformation theory where the nonlinearity was introduced in the Green-Lagrange sense. The governing equation of the vibrated plate were derived using the Variational approach. The effect of different orthotropicity ratio, boundary condition and delamination size on the non-dimenational fundamental frequency and frequency ratios of plate for different stacking sequences are studied. Finally th
... Show MoreMost dental works require a diagnostic impression; alginate is contemplated as the most popular material used for this purpose. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles show evidence of antimicrobial activity in the recent era, for this purpose, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding Titanium dioxide nanoparticles on antimicrobial activity and surface detail reproduction of alginate impression material. Materials and methods: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (purity = 99%, size= 20nm) was added to alginate at three different concentrations (2%, 3% and 5%). 84 samples were prepared in total. Samples were tested for antimicrobial activity using a disc diffusion test, and surface detail reproduction was done using (ISO 21563:2021). One-way A
... Show MoreThe advancement of cement alternatives in the construction materials industry is fundamental to sustainable development. Geopolymer is the optimal substitute for ordinary Portland cement, which produces 80% less CO2 emissions than ordinary Portland cement. Metakaolin was used as one of the raw materials in the geopolymerization process. This research examines the influence of three different percentages of sulfate (0.00038, 1.532, and 16.24) % in sand per molarity of NaOH on the compressive strength of metakaolin-based geopolymer mortar (MK-GPM). Samples were prepared with two different molarities (8M and 12M) and cured at room temperature. The best compressive strength value (56.98MPa) was recorded with 12M w
... Show MoreThe significance of the research conducted in northern Iraq comes despite the expansion of afforestation projects; yet, the suffering of the forests has increased due to their lack of scientific study, unpredictability of the climate, and adverse effects on the spread and growth of plant species Therefore, the goal of the study is to understand the effects of afforestation through a statistical analysis of plant diversity in northern Iraq and its distinctivenessThe analysis revealed that natural groupings had improved qualitatively more than other groups, particularly some dwindling species that are able to compete and occupy new areas. drought-prone vegetation, vegetation, and climat
The research was performed in order to investigate the prevalence of Eimeria spp in buffalo. Coccidiosis, is a common livestock disease include water buffaloes and nothing is known about the most pathogenic species of Eimeria. Since the highest prevalence of oocyst shedding and incidence of disease occurs in buffalo calves less than one year of age. The omnipresent occurrence and negative effects of the infection on health and buffalo growth output are taken into account. Therefore, both farmers and veterinarians should pay greater attention to infections with Eimeria spp. And there is little analysis of data reported in Iraq and the world regarding Eimeria infection in river buffalo spp.