This study aims to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of a modified heat-cured acrylic denture base material containing 15% phosphoric acid 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate ester (PA2HEME) with those of nonmodified PMMA. Discs with a diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 2 mm were prepared using a heat-cured PMMA denture base material and divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group was modified with 15% phosphoric acid 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate ester (PA2HEME). The modified and nonmodified materials were tested via FTIR, and the effect of modification on surface roughness was evaluated with AFM. An in vitro test was conducted to examine the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of heat-cured acrylic denture base materials (control and experimental groups) by using a rat embryonic fibroblast cell line (REF). Cell culture viability was estimated with a methyltetrazolium solution cytotoxicity assay. The surface roughness of PA2HEME-modified acrylic resin (mPMMA) was not significantly different from that of nonmodified PMMA acrylic resin. The cytotoxicity test on mPMMA demonstrated no significant change in the cell viability compared with that of the negative control. No deteriorating or inhibitory effect on cell growth was observed after 24 and 72 h. The modification of denture base materials with 15% PA2HEME has no cytotoxic or inhibitory effects on the growth of the studied fibroblast cell line.
The aim of the research is to clarify the measurement of the impact regarding financial value of human resources on investors' decisions by considering that the human element is one of the assets of the company. Therefore, a set of criteria must be available to determine the applicability of these standards in the human resource because it has an effective role in the success for the company. Is to measure the value of human resources in a financial format according to the first two methods depends on the value and the second depends on the cost.
In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was designed to survey the views of a number of employees of the General Company for Leather Industries in order to arriv
... Show MoreThe political system in Indonesia, since gaining independence from the Dutch colonialism on the seventeenth of August 1945, has gone through long stages. The Indonesian constitution stipulated that the country is based on a democracy. In 1956 the first free elections were held in Indonesia, and President Sukarno announced the adoption of the directed democratic system Then, during the era of President Suharto, the state entered a phase called democracy based on the Five Pancasila principles, which is a false democracy because it served the interests of Suharto, who in his long reign had political and economic corruption leading up to 1998, when the Indonesian people revolted, and the government of Soeharto was overthrown
... Show MoreThere are Islamic sources and books that deal with the different doctrinal and differential framework of the Islamic religion with a monistic approach, describing them with embarrassing jurisprudential titles such as: excommunication and expiation, and epithets that carry the characteristics of hatred and rejection, in addition to removing them from the sect and religion, and the reason for that is that the doctrine (A) or (b) considers itself the doctrine that represents only the Islamic religion, and other doctrines are misguided and disbelieving. the reasons behind this - besides the attempt to establish doctrinal and fiqih rooting in claiming truth and escaping from within the foundational differential doctrinal system – is the pol
... Show MoreSlurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) is a modern type of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC). It has unique properties; SIFCON is superior in compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, impact resistance, energy absorption and ductility. Because of this superiority in these characteristics, SIFCON was qualified for applications of special structures, which require resisting sudden dynamic loads such as explosions and earthquakes. The main aim of this investigation is to determine the effect of fibre type on the apparent density of SIFCON and on performance under impact load. In this investigation, hook-end steel fibre and polyolefin fibre were used. Purely once and
Polyvinyl alcohol, (PVA) was prepared using polyvinyl acetate emulsion (manufactured by Al-Jihad factory,
That-Al-Sawary Company) as a local raw material. In this investigation, polyvinyl acetate emulsion was converted to
solid form by coagulation the polymer from its emulsion using sodium sulphate salt as coagulant aid, then alcoholyzed
the solid polyvinyl acetate in methanol using sodium hydroxide as catalyst, polyvinyl alcohol produced by this method is
a dry, white to yellow powder.
Three affecting variables on the degree of hydrolysis of PVA were studied, these variable are Catalyst to
polymer weight ratio in the range of 0.01 – 0.06, reaction time in the range of 20 – 90 min, and reaction temperature in
the
This article investigates the development of the following material properties of concrete with time: compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and fracture energy. These properties were determined at seven different hydration ages (18 h, 30 h, 48 h, 72 h, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days) for four pure cement concrete mixes totaling 336 specimens tested throughout the study. Experimental data obtained were used to assess the relationship of the above properties with the concrete compressive strength and how these relationships are affected with age. Further, this study investigates prediction models available in literature and recommendations are made for models that are found suitable for application to early age conc
... Show MoreBlades of gas turbine are usually suffered from high thermal cyclic load which leads to crack initiated and then crack growth and finally failure. The high thermal cyclic load is usually coming from high temperature, high pressure, start-up, shut-down and load change. An experimental and numerical analysis was carried out on the real blade and model of blade to simulate the real condition in gas turbine. The pressure, temperature distribution, stress intensity factor and the thermal stress in model of blade have been investigated numerically using ANSYS V.17 software. The experimental works were carried out using a particular designed and manufactured rig to simulate the real condition that blade suffers from. A new cont
... Show MoreBackground: Denture cleansing was an important step that could prevent the spread of infection and improve a patient's health, the durability of the dentures, and the overall quality of life; therefore, it was necessary to choose a suitable cleanser that, in addition to being effective, did not have an unfavorable effect on the qualities of the denture base resin itself when used for an extended period. For this purpose, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of tea tree oil (TTO) on Candida albicans adhesion and the surface roughness property of poly(methyl methacrylate) denture material after immersion in TTO. Methods: A total of 55 heat-cured acrylic resin specimens were used for C. albicans adherence and surface roughness tests. The
... Show MoreThis research is aiming to analyze the impacts of the current budget in Iraq by using the Government Finance Statistics Manual (GFSM) , the research is based on hypothesis: (There is an impact on the using of the Government Finance Statistics Manual (GFSM) In public budget in Iraq) .This hypothesis was demonstrated by using the questionnaire, a number of conclusions were reached, the most important being the lack of terminology adopted in the government accounting system and the Iraqi financial and accounting manual as a result of their adoption of the monetary basis for the lack of accounting terminology that meets t
... Show MoreBackground: Lack of durability of the bond of the dental adhesive systems to tooth structure is one of the most important problems in tooth colored restorative work. This in vitro study was performed to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate(CHX) on dentin bond strength by using total etch adhesive system at twenty-four hours and three months of water storage. Material and methods:A flat dentin surface was prepared for forty sound human maxillary premolar teeth which were acid etched with 36% phosphoric acid gel after being divided randomly into four groups of ten teeth each according to storage time and CHX application, theCHX was applied for 60 seconds before adhesive application for groups I and III which were tested after twe
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