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Experimental Study of Cuttings Transport Efficiency of Low Solid Bentonite Drilling Fluids Modified by Cellulose Nanoparticles
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Advancements in horizontal drilling technologies are utilized to develop unconventional resources, where reservoir temperatures and pressures are very high. However, the flocculation of bentonite in traditional fluids at high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) environments can lower cuttings transportation efficiency and even result in problems such as stuck pipe, decreased rate of penetration (ROP), accelerated bit wear, high torque, and drag on the drill string, and formation damage. The major purpose of the present research is to investigate the performance of low bentonite content water-based fluids for the hole cleaning operation in horizontal drilling processes. Low bentonite content water-based drilling fluids were formulated by replacing a specified quantity of bentonite with a small fraction of cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs), including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The concentration of CNPs was changed from 0.15 wt% up to 0.60 wt% and the bentonite content was reduced from 6 to 0 wt%, which leads to a reduction of solid contents from 13.34 to 6.71 wt%. The flow-loop experiments were accomplished on a sophisticated purpose-built flow rig by circulating the tested fluid samples into the test section in a horizontal position, considering the influence of drill pipe rotation, flow rates, cuttings sizes, and drill pipe eccentricity. The results show that the low solid fluids displayed a considerable enhancement in cuttings removal efficiency, especially with 0.15 wt% of the concentration CNPs and 4.5 wt% of the bentonite contents. The morphology of CNPs played a vital role in improving the rheological properties of the water-based drilling fluids.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Study of rheological and mechanical properties of bitumen blended with two alpha phases of polyamide
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The effect of D phase polyamide (PA6)on the rheological properties, Young Modulus and the thermal expansion coefficient of two blends groups (bitumen-polyamide) were tested. The first group was for bitumen-PA6 blends and the second group for bitumen blended with polymer resulted from the crystallization of PA6-formic acid solution in water(PAFW).The obtained results proved that adding both types of polyamide has led to a rise in toughness and softening point temperature while the penetration Index approached -3 after adding the polyamide. So, all these changes make bitumen-polyamide blends more suitable for use in hot climate regions. The blends properties were explained according to the reaction that takes place between the polyamide and

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Role of Website Users in the Consumption of Notifications: A Field Study of Websites
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This research seeks to explore the impact of notifications on enhancing user engagement with websites, primarily through user subscriptions and their interaction with notifications on these websites. The significance of this study lies in its implications for crafting compelling headlines that capture users' attention, streamline their access to journalistic content, and align with the objectives and editorial policies of news websites. It sheds light on the factors influencing users' preferences for specific notifications and their engagement with content based on their individual interests, motivations, and the satisfaction derived from such interactions.
The researcher has reached several key findings, inc

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of the Anticancer and Antimicrobial Biological Activity of a New Series of Thiohydantoin Derivatives
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        Recently, some prostate cancer patients have acquired resistance to the second -generation drugs (anzalutamide and apalutamide) prescribed for the treatment of this disease due to the emergence of the F876L mutation, which represents a challenge to modern medicine. In this study, a new series of 2-thiohydantoin derivatives were prepared through the reaction of different derivatives of maleimide (1c-4c) with isothiocyanate derivatives. The prepared compounds were diagnosed using FT-IR,1H-NMR ,13C-NMR, Mass spectra. The prepared series compounds has been studied against prostate cancer cells. The MTT assay was used to determine the activity of the prepared compounds against prostate cancer cells. The da

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Software Protection by Combining Hash Function with Hardware Identifications
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This paper presents a hybrid software copy protection scheme, the scheme is applied to
prevent illegal copying of software by produce a license key which is unique and easy to
generate. This work employs the uniqueness of identification of hard disk in personal
computer which can get by software to create a license key after treated with SHA-1 one way
hash function. Two mean measures are used to evaluate the proposed method, complexity
and processing time, SHA-1 can insure the high complexity to deny the hackers for produce
unauthorized copies, many experiments have been executed using different sizes of software
to calculate the consuming time. The measures show high complexity and short execution
time for propos

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Image data compression by using multiwavelete for color image
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There are many images you need to large Khoznah space With the continued evolution of storage technology for computers, there is a need nailed required to reduce Alkhoznip space for pictures and image compression in a good way, the conversion method Alamueja

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Lead bioremoval by Bacillus spp. Isolated from industrial wastewater
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Four samples were collected from the wastewater of State Battery Manufacturing Company (SBMC); Babylon 2 factory in AL-Waziriya district, as triplicates. Physical and chemical measurements were carried out such as temperature, pH, Lead concentrations and their ranges were: (19.5-34.5) °C, (6.1-6.4) and (4.5-6.5) mg/L, respectively. Six dominant Bacillus spp. isolates were isolated from these samples; namely, Bacillus subtilis N1, Bacillus subtilis N2, Bacillus subtilis N3, Bacillus cereus N4, Bacillus cereus N5 , Bacillus cereus N6. These isolates were capable of removing Lead from aqueous solutions in a capacity reached 27.6 ± 1.4, 10.1 ± 1.7, 74.5 ± 0.7, 8.93 ± 2.8, 8.1 ± 3.5, 1.6± 0.7 mg/L, respectively. Whereas cell walls,

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Nonlinear Analysis And Applications
Human recognition by utilizing voice recognition and visual recognition
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Audio-visual detection and recognition system is thought to become the most promising methods for many applications includes surveillance, speech recognition, eavesdropping devices, intelligence operations, etc. In the recent field of human recognition, the majority of the research be- coming performed presently is focused on the reidentification of various body images taken by several cameras or its focuses on recognized audio-only. However, in some cases these traditional methods can- not be useful when used alone such as in indoor surveillance systems, that are installed close to the ceiling and capture images right from above in a downwards direction and in some cases people don't look straight the cameras or it cannot be added in some

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Publication Date
Sun May 02 2021
Journal Name
Knowledge-based Engineering And Sciences
Lead sorption from aqueous solutions by kaolinite: laboratory experiments
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The lead has adverse effects in contamination the aquatic environment, for this reason, a laboratory simulation was conducted using kaolinite collected from the Ga’ara Formation at western Iraq to be considered as a natural sorbent material that can be addressed Pb2+ from the aqueous environments. The Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy clarifying very fine grains and pure phase with a very little quantity of quartz and has a number of active sites for adsorption. The sorption of kaolinite for the Pb2+ has been carefully tested by several designed laboratory experiments. Five lead solutions of different concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 ppm) were tested under different values of pH (1.3-9)

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 06 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Main Difficulties Faced by EFL Students in Language Learning
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Many undergraduate learners at English departments who study English as a foreign language are unable to speak and use language correctly in their post -graduate careers.  This problem can be attributed to certain difficulties, which they faced throughout their education years that hinder their endeavors to learn. Therefore, this study aims to discover the main difficulties faced by EFL students in language learning and test the difficulty variable according to gender and college variables then find suitable solutions for enhancing learning.  A questionnaire with 15 items and 5 scales were used to help in discovering the difficulties. The questionnaire was distributed to the selected sample of study wh

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Crossref (11)
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 31 2021
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Image segmentation by using thresholding technique in two stages
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Image segmentation can be defined as a cutting or segmenting process of the digital image into many useful points which are called segmentation, that includes image elements contribute with certain attributes different form Pixel that constitute other parts. Two phases were followed in image processing by the researcher in this paper. At the beginning, pre-processing image on images was made before the segmentation process through statistical confidence intervals that can be used for estimate of unknown remarks suggested by Acho & Buenestado in 2018. Then, the second phase includes image segmentation process by using "Bernsen's Thresholding Technique" in the first phase. The researcher drew a conclusion that in case of utilizing

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