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Factors influencing the degree of physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi public healthcare settings†
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

Medication safety and effectiveness can be improved through interprofessional collaboration. The goals of this study were to measure the degree of physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi governmental healthcare settings and to investigate factors influencing this collaboration.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Najaf Province using the Collaborative Working Relationship Model and Physician–Pharmacist Collaborative Instrument (PPCI). Four pharmacists distributed paper surveys with a 7-point Likert scale to a convenience sample of physicians and pharmacists working in seven public hospitals and two outpatient clinics. The questionnaire (in English) covered individual (demographics, practising years and academic affiliation), context (practice setting) and PPCI characteristics (trustworthiness, role specification and relationship initiation) in addition to collaborative care items: one for pharmacists and one for physicians. Separate multiple regressions were used to assess the association of the factors with collaborative care for physicians and for pharmacists.

Key findings

Seventy-seven physicians and 86 pharmacists returned usable surveys (81.5% response rate). The majority of physicians were male (84%), while the majority of pharmacists were female (58%). The mean age of the physicians was (37.99 years) older than that of the pharmacists (30.35 years). The physicians had a longer period of practice (11.32 years) than pharmacists (5.45 years). Most (90%) of the providers were practising in hospitals. Pharmacist academic affiliation was significantly associated with collaborative care. The pharmacist and physician regressions indicated significant (P &lt; 0.05) associations between collaborative care and two PPCI domains (role specification and relationship initiation for physicians; role specification and trustworthiness for pharmacists).

Conclusions

This study focused on physician–pharmacist collaboration within hospitals, and it was the first study measuring interprofessional collaboration in Iraq. The results showed there is physician–pharmacist collaboration within Iraqi hospitals and exchange characteristics had significant influence on this collaboration.

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Wed Dec 01 2010
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Technical methodology balanced performance as a strategic framework for the economic units operating in the Iraqi industrial sector environment
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facing economic units operating in the environment sector of the Iraqi

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2019
Journal Name
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Building the optimal portfolio for stock using multi-objective genetic algorithm - comparative analytical research in the Iraqi stock market
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Abstract:

The main objective of the research is to build an optimal investment portfolio of stocks’ listed at the Iraqi Stock Exchange after employing the multi-objective genetic algorithm within the period of time between 1/1/2006 and 1/6/2018 in the light of closing prices (43) companies after the completion of their data and met the conditions of the inspection, as the literature review has supported the diagnosis of the knowledge gap and the identification of deficiencies in the level of experimentation was the current direction of research was to reflect the aspects of the unseen and untreated by other researchers in particular, the missing data and non-reversed pieces the reality of trading at the level of compani

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
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Academic Accreditation From The point Of view The Teaching Staff Of Iraqi Expatriates And Its Impact On Strategic Performance Of Institutions Of Higher Education - Field Research
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Abstract

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Sun May 24 2026
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A comparative analysis , for some Elkinmetekih variables , in the performance of the skill (Nick shot the front reverse ) , between the players of the Iraqi team and the Egyptian , for young people in squash
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Fri Nov 09 2018
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Detection the level of YKL-40 biochemical marker and vitamin D level in sera of Iraqi Uterine cancer females' patients
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uterine tumors (30 malignant and 30 fibroid benign tumors), benign cases were considered as a disease
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Fri Aug 23 2024
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The Effect of Pan-Retinal Photocoagulation on Central Macular Thickness in a Sample of Iraqi Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
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Validity of 3D Reconstructed Computed Tomographic Image in Using Craniometrical Measurements of the Skull for Sex Differentiation (An Iraqi Study)
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 02 2021
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Euphemism from a Politeness Perspective: An Exploration of the ability of Iraqi EFL learners to Use and Comprehend Euphemistic Expressions
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Euphemisms are advantageous in people’s social life by turning sensitive into a more acceptable ones so that resentful feelings and embarrassment can be avoided. This study investigates the ability of Iraqi English learners in using euphemistic expressions, meanwhile, raising their awareness and the faculty members in English teaching faculties regarding the relevance of discussing the topics that demand euphemisation. This study comprised three stages: initial test, explicit instruction with activities, and a final test for the students’ development in this domain. A test has been distributed among 50 respondents, who are at the fourth year of their undergraduate study at the University of Babylon/ College of Basic Education. The lo

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Mon Sep 09 2024
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Association of hsCRP and Serum Kalirin Levels with the Development and Severity of Premature Coronary Artery Disease in Iraqi Patients
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Scopus (2)
Scopus