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Design mode filtering interferometer using etched double clad fiber
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Abstract<p>Mode filtering technique is one of the most desired techniques in optical fiber communication systems, especially for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) coherent optical communications that have mode-dependent losses in communication channels. In this work, a special type of optical fiber sensing head was used, where it utilizes DCF13 that is made by Thorlabs and has two numerical apertures (NA’s). One is for core and 1st cladding region, while the 2nd relates the 1st cladding to the 2nd cladding. Etching process using 40 % hydro-fluoric (HF) acid was performed on the DCF13 with variable time in minutes. Investigation of the correlation between the degree of etching and the refractive index (RI) profile of double-clad fibers for low order linearly polarized (LP) modes is the focus of this work research. The used software programs to simulate the effect of etching are Comsol Multi-Physics V6 and Optigrating V4.2.2. It is seen that the optimum case that gave highest cladding power to core power ratio is the case of etching for 10 min, which can be used for detection applications. This ratio greatly affects the sensitivity of the system.</p>
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences (pen)
Estimation of nonparametric regression function using shrinkage wavelet and different mother functions
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Publication Date
Wed May 31 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Synthesis of Nanozeolite NaA from Pure Source Material Using Sol Gel Method
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In this work, the nano particles of Na-A zeolite were synthesized by sol –gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray  luorescence (XRF), Surface  area and pore volume, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results show that the nano A zeolite is with average crystal size is 74.77 nm., Si/Al ratio 1.03, BET surface area was 581.211m2/g and the pore volume for NaA was found equal to 0.355cm3/g.
 
 
 

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 24 2025
Journal Name
Scientific Reports
Bearing capacity improvement of medium clay soil using sodium silicate sand columns
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Publication Date
Sat Nov 01 2025
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Improving the Hydraulic Performance of Bani-Hassan Canal by Using Submerged Weir
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Abstract<p> A submerged weir is a hydraulic structure utilized to control flow in canals and rivers. Water scarcity is a persistent issue in Iraq, especially during the dry season when irrigation withdrawals reduce downstream water levels in canals (Water is lost from irrigation canals due to seepage, evaporation, and vegetation growth). The final section of the Bani Hassan Canal experiences significant drops in water surface (WS) levels, negatively impacting irrigation efficiency. This study addresses that gap by investigating the use of submerged weirs to enhance water distribution and raise WS in the final 6 km segment of the canal. A one-dimensional (1D) hydraulic mode</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
مجلة الاستاذ-
The Effect of Using PBLA on Iraqi EFL Academic Students` Learning Achievement
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Assessment should give more attention on the learning achievement of the curriculum. Portfolio- based learning assessment (PBLA) is utilized in language learning materials recently .It is assessment tools to test the learners’ learning for instance open-ended problem solving, and creative and critical thinking, imaginative, reflective, have the capacity to apply their information in new issues, and to express oral and composing. This paper aims to discover the impact of utilizing (PBLA) on students’ performance at College of Education (Ibn –Rushd) in English Department the third stage. To fulfill the aim, a sample of the study is (64) EFL students of two groups. The study used a test and an instrument design .The test group ut

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Publication Date
Thu May 07 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Infrared, Millimeter, And Terahertz Waves
Distinguishing Gasoline Engine Oils of Different Viscosities Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Using financial and non-financial information ) SASB standards) to enhance investor confidence
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Companies seek to enhance investor confidence by achieving the highest level of transparency in disclosure of financial and non-financial information (SASB standards) for Iraqi insurance companies listed on the financial market. The aim of the research is to identify the extent of the ability of financial and non-financial information to enhance transparency in reporting, which is reflected in Investor confidence. And the standards of sustainability development accounting issued by (SASB) through the electronic questionnaire that was distributed. Companies seek to achieve a set of goals, the most important of which is to enhance investor confidence by improving transparency in disclosure. Concerning the employment of financial an

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Transportation Engineering And Traffic System, Ijtets
Comparative Modeling of Pavement Surface Texture Variables Using ANN and SPSS Software
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The health of Roadway pavement surface is considered as one of the major issues for safe driving. Pavement surface condition is usually referred to micro and macro textures which enhances the friction between the pavement surface and vehicular tires, while it provides a proper drainage for heavy rainfall water. Measurement of the surface texture is not yet standardized, and many different techniques are implemented by various road agencies around the world based on the availability of equipment’s, skilled technicians’ and funds. An attempt has been made in this investigation to model the surface macro texture measured from sand patch method (SPM), and the surface micro texture measured from out flow time (OFT) and British pendul

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 30 2014
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Saturation Using Carbon Oxygen (CO) Ratio and Sigma Tool
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The main aim of this study is to evaluate the remaining oil in previously produced zones, locate the water productive zone and look for any bypassed oil behind casing in not previously perforated intervals. Initial water saturation was calculated from digitized open hole logs using a cut-off value of 10% for irreducible water saturation. The integrated analysis of the thermal capture cross section, Sigma and Carbon/oxygen ratio was conducted and summarized under well shut-in and flowing conditions. The logging pass zone run through sandstone Zubair formation at north Rumaila oil field. The zones where both the Sigma and the C/O analysis show high remaining oil saturation simila

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparison of HF and HCl Chemical Laser Parameters by using Mathematical Model
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A simplified theoretical comparison of the hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) chemical lasers is presented by using computer program. The program is able to predict quantitative variations of the laser characteristics as a function of rotational and vibrational quantum number. Lasing is assumed to occur in a Fabry-Perot cavity on vibration-rotation transitions between two vibrational levels of hypothetical diatomic molecule. This study include a comprehensive parametric analysis that indicates that the large rotational constant of HF laser in comparison with HCl laser makes it relatively easy to satisfy the partial inversion criterion. The results of this computer program proved their credibility when compared with th

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