Background: Recent advancements in molecular techniques have identified over 450 genotypes of Human Papillomavirus (HPV), classified into low- and high-oncogenic risk categories. The rise in high-oncogenic risk HPV genotypes has been linked to various cancers, including those affecting the oral, oropharyngeal, and nasopharyngeal regions in both pediatric and adult populations. Methods: In this study, a cohort of 102 tonsillar tissue samples was included. This comprised 40 specimens from pediatric patients aged 4 to 9 years with nasopharyngeal adenoid hypertrophies, and 42 specimens from pediatric patients aged 5 to 12 years with palatine tonsillar hypertrophies. Among the 82 tonsillar tissue samples analyzed, 38 were from pediatric patients who underwent single-tonsillar type operations, while 22 were from pediatric patients who underwent dual-tonsillar type operations, resulting in a total of 44 tissues. Additionally, 20 control tissue samples were obtained from apparently healthy pediatric patients aged 5 to 12 years, following trimming operations of their inferior nasal turbinate tissues, which exhibited no notable pathological changes. For the detection of HPV 16/18 DNA, a recent iteration of Chromogenic in Situ Hybridization (CISH) technique employing specific DNA probes was utilized. Results: In the analysis, among the 40 nasopharyngeal tonsillar hypertrophied tissues, 35.0% exhibited positive CISH reactions for HPV 16/18 DNA detection. Similarly, within the palatine tonsillar hypertrophied tissue group, 30.1% displayed positive CISH signals for HPV 16/18 DNA. For the 22 specimens obtained from dual-tonsillar type operations in the same pediatric patients (totaling 44 tissues), 45.5% showed positive-CISH signals for HPV 16/18 DNA at both sites. Notably, none of the control nasal tissues demonstrated positive-CISH reactions. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (P Value <0.05) when comparing the results of tonsillar hypertrophied tissues to those of the control group. Conclusions: The notable presence of human papillomaviruses 16 and 18, particularly in their integrated forms of HPV-DNA, within pediatric groups exhibiting nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsillar non-oncologic hypertrophies, raises critical concerns regarding the potential spread of these high-oncogenic risk genotypes. These findings suggest that these sites may serve as reservoirs for the transmission of such viruses to adjacent mucosal tissues in the head and neck region. Furthermore, this presence of HPV could be a contributing factor in the pathogenesis, tumorigenesis, and carcinogenesis processes, constituting a significant step in this chain of events. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and manage the associated health risks in affected populations.
Aim: to determine the effectiveness of women's self-care instructions on their post cesarean section care in Baghdad
teaching hospital.
Methodology: The present study used quasi-experimental study design in maternity words in Baghdad teaching
hospital. The sample was collected and follow up for the period (15) January 2014 until 15 May 2014 Nonprobability
(purposive sample) of (100) women post cesarean section divided in to two groups (50) women post
cesarean section considered as a study group, and another (50) women post cesarean section considered as the
control one, A questionnaire designed as a tool to collect data fit the purpose of the study a questionnaire include
demographic variables, Reproductive variables
To develop a new basis to reduce the phenomenon of stress, one researcher used relaxation techniques is the use of medicinal herbs sedative which is emphasized by some specialists and researchers because of its direct impact on some of the functions of the body as members have a significant impact on the player from the mental and physical Came the importance of research in the use of medicinal herbs sedative and in particular (Lafracin Black, Plantago Sinani great, Alternen) within the program to soothe the psychological players badminton to get rid of the tension felt by sports by athletic competition through the use of a program to ease the psychological with a range of herbs and both means of calming influence of the nervous system. The
... Show MoreBackground Obstructing dentinal tubules is a valuable approach for managing dentin hypersensitivity. Although various agents promote dentin remineralization, direct comparisons between theobromine, bioactive glass (BAG), and nano-hydroxyapatite (Nano-HAP) under simulated oral conditions remain limited. To fill this gap, this in vitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of these three treatments on exposed cervical dentin. The assessment focused on their chemical, morphological, and mechanical effects on dentin. Materials and methods Forty-eight human dentin slabs were obtained from the cervical portions of twelve sound premolar teeth. Baseline Raman spectroscopy and VMH tests were done to exclude outliers. All specimens we
... Show MoreBackground: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are said to be inherited in a multifactorial fashion, i.e. genetic-environmental interaction. Maternal nutritional deficiencies had long been reported to cause NTDs, especially folate deficiency during early pregnancy. More attention had been paid to the exact mechanism by which this deficiency state causes these defects in the developing embryo. The most significant of all researches was that connecting reduced folate and increased homocysteine level in maternal serum on one hand and the risk of developing a NTD baby on the other hand. Objectives : to determine the significance of homocysteine level in Iraqi mothers who gave birth to babies with NTDs as compared to normal controls. Patients, Materials
... Show MoreThe Reasons behind the decadence of the studies concerning the evening school in Salah al Deen A field study
المستودع الرقمي العراقي. مركز المعلومات الرقمية التابع لمكتبة العتبة العباسية المقدسة
Based on the assumption that the more teachers know about brain science, the better
prepared they will be to make instructional decisions.
Mind Mapping is a powerful tool for assisting any form of writing. Language is an
important device and a very beneficial means for human being to communicate with other
people .Writing is one of the language skills that will never be left in education.
The study aims at investigating the Impact of applying mind mapping technique as a prewriting
tool on Iraqi EFL college students in essay writing. To do so, 60 EFL college students
were divided randomly selected and divided into two groups experimental and control. Prior
to treatment, participants of the both groups were given a
A significant amount of apiaries is destroyed in most areas of Iraq by attacking of the hornet